1. Chapter 21
Protist and Fungi

2. Protists are the most diverse of all eukaryotes
protists: eukaryotes that are not animals, plants, or fungi but show characteristics of those kingdoms.

3. Protist Introduction

4. Diversity of Protists Can be microscopic or can be extremely large.
Can be single celled or can be multi-celled.
Can be autotrophic or heterotropic

5. Protists are broken into 3 different groups…

6. 1. Animal Like Protists (protozoans)
Animal like protists are heterotrophs
Eat bacteria, other protists, non-living organic matter
Lack cell wall
Live in most aquatic environments & some in body fluids

7. Protozoans are broken down into different groups by how they move.
Zooflagellates
Use flagella to move
Ciliates
Have cilia to move
Or feed
Pseudopods
“false foot”
Use cytoplasm to move

8. Examples of Protozoans
Paramecium:
Cilliate found in ponds
Stentor
Ciliate that uses cilia around mouth to feed.
Plasmodium
Protozoan that causes malaria
Giardia
Zooflagellate that can lead to giardiasis.

9. Fungus Like Protists Decomposers
Obtain energy from breaking down dead organic matter
Cell wall made of cellulose and not chitin
Examples:
Slime molds

10. Plant Like Protists Autotrophs Obtain energy through photosynthesis
All contain chloroplast to photosynthesize
Can be single celled
Euglena: Flagellate that uses an eyespot to detect light. When light is not present it can become heterotrophic
Plant Like Protists

11. Plant Like Protists Colonial: volvox
Several single celled plant like protist that live and function together.
Euglena have both characteristics of plants and animals

12. Fungus Kingdom 2nd kingdom of eukaryotes
Characterized by decomposition

13. Parts of a fungi Reproductive Structure Hyphae Mycelium
Part above ground that is seen.
Used to characterize the fungus
Hyphae
Cytoplasmic threads with chitin cell walls
Mycelium
Mat of hyphae underground

14. Mycelium carry out the decomposition process.
Absorptive nutrition
Mycelium release enzymes to break down material and then absorbs the digested material

15. How do Fungi Reproduce? Spores:
Released into the air or water to allow fungi to reproduce asexually
Able to withstand harsh, dry environmental conditions.

16. Types of Fungi Club fungi Mold Yeast Typical mushrooms Imperfect fungi
Only reproduce asexually

17. Roles of Fungus Help with decomposition and adding nutrients to soil.
LICHEN
Fungus and algae
1st to grow on rocks and help to create soil
Mycorrhizae
Fungus increases the surface area of plant roots
Food
Cheese, bread, beer

18. Roles of Fungi Disease Athletes foot yeast infections
dutch elm disease
chytrid fungus.