1. Principal parts of verbs

2. Verbs: Four Principal Parts
All verbs have FOUR basic forms called principal parts
Base or present form, also called the infinitive
Present participle
Past
Past participle
Regular verbs form…
the present participle by adding -ing to the base form
the past form by adding –ed or –d to the base form
the past participle by placing the helping verb has or have with the past form

3. Examples of Regular VerbsN
Present participle
Past
Past Participle
Walk
Walking
Walked
Has/have walked
Blame
Blaming
Blamed
Has/have blamed
Nap
Napping
Napped
Has/have napped
Burn
Burning
Burned (also burnt)
Has/have burned (also burnt)
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4. Common Errors: Nonstandard Use
INCORRECT: I use to live in New York.
CORRECT: I used to live in New York
INCORRECT: Are you suppose to meet with her today?
CORRECT: Are you supposed to meet with her today?
INCORRECT: I could/would/should of finished my work on time.
CORRECT: : I could/would/should have finished my work on time.
Humanities

5. The Trouble with English…
Irregular verbs are ones that form their past or their past participle forms in some way OTHER THAN adding –d or –ed to the base form.
Consonant change
Vowel change
Vowel AND consonant change
No change
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6. Examples: Irregular Verbs
Base/present
Past
Past participle
Consonant change
Bend
Build
Bent
Built
Has/have bent
Has/have built
Vowel change
Sing
Sang
Has/have sung
Vowel and consonant change
Catch Go
Fly
Caught
Went
Flew
Has/have caught
Has/have gone
Has/have flown
No change
Set
Has/have set
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7. Six Troublesome Verbs Base/present Present participle Past
Past participle
Lie (to rest or recline)
Lying
Lay
Has/have lain
Lay (to put something in its place)
Laying
Laid
Has/have laid
Sit
Sitting
Sat
Has/have sat
Set (to put something in its place)
Setting
Set
Has/have set
Rise (to get up, to go up)
Rising
Rose
Has/have risen
Raise (to lift or to cause something to rise)
Raising
Raised
Has/have raised
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