1. Safety and Consumer Health - Day 2
SPONGE
Safety and Consumer Health - Day 2
List one way you would respond if you found someone unconscious.
Why should you wear latex gloves when helping someone who is bleeding?

2. Safety and Consumer Health
Section 2
First Aid and the Heimlich Maneuver

3. First Aid
First Aid is the immediate care given to a person who has been injured or suddenly ill.
You must have consent (permission) to give first aid. There are two types of consent:
Actual Consent is spoken or written permission to give first aid.

4. First Aid
Often times, a person in need of first aid will be either unconscious or a lone child who is not mature enough to know if they need first aid.
The second type of consent is called Implied Consent, meaning you have permission to give first aid, even though no one has given you spoken consent.

5. Good Samaritan Laws
As long as you are properly trained in CPR then the injured person will probably not be able to sue you if you do a good job.
Good Samaritan Laws help protect people that give first aid without Actual Consent.

6. Universal Precautions
When you do give first aid to someone you must protect your health as well.
The steps you take to avoid infection while giving CPR are called Universal Precautions.
Universal Precautions are especially important in limiting infections like HIV when the victim is bleeding.

7. Universal Precautions
Here is a list of Universal Precautions:
Wear disposable nonporous gloves and wash your hands with antiseptic when you are done.
Use a face mask or shield when giving mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
Avoid touching the victim’s blood.
Don’t touch your mouth, eyes or nose.

8. Choking If you see a person choking, you may not need to act.
If a person continually coughs and can talk a little bit, allow the victim time to cough the food out.
If the person can not cough, or gives you the universal choking signal, it is time to use the Heimlich maneuver, but keep in mind, there are different methods for different ages.

9. Saving a Conscious Adult
Phone 911 quickly.
To save an adult or older child, stand behind them and wrap your arms around the victim’s waist.
Make a fist with one hand and place it just above the victim’s naval (thumb in.) Wrap your other hand around your fist.
Give quick thrusts in a “J” motion (in and up) without damaging ribs or the xiphoid process.

10. Saving an Unconscious Choking Adult
Phone 911 quickly (or even better, tell someone to call 911.)
Roll the victim onto their back and place the heel of your hand on their naval (fingers pointing toward their head.)
Give quick thrusts.
Perform rescue breathing if the airway is cleared but the victim is still not breathing.

11. Saving a Small Child or Infant
Phone 911 quickly.
Place the baby face down on your forearm (and/or upper leg.)
While giving the Heimlich, support an infant’s head by placing your hand under the jaw and chest.
Use the heel of your hand to give 5 quick blows to the baby’s back between the victim’s shoulder blades.
Saving a Small Child or Infant
What’s wrong with this picture?

12. Saving a Small Child or Infant
Saving a Small Child or Infant
Next, turn the victim face up and give 5 chest compressions on the center of the breastbone with two of your fingers.
Repeat the back blows and chest compressions until help comes or the victim awakens.
You will have to give rescue breathing when the airway is cleared if the victim is still not breathing.

13. If you come upon an unconscious person that does have a pulse…
Call 911
Tap the victim and shout loudly. If he or she does not wake up…
Place your face near their nose for 5-10 seconds to check for breathing. If there are no signs of breathing,
Rescue Breathing
carefully turn the victim onto his or her back and tilt their chin back to open up breathing.

14. Rescue Breathing
Plug the victim’s nose while holding the chin back and give two slow breaths (wear a mask if possible.)
Be sure that you see their chest rise in the air.
Continue rescue breathing if there is no response, but the victim still has a pulse.
Once the person responds but still cannot breath, give one breath about every five seconds.