1. OTTOMAN EMPIRE – WEEK #10 (I856 -1914) Financial Crisis of 1875 Rising nationalism: Revolts & Reprisals “Young Ottomans” Reign of Abdul Hamid II Rising tide of Turkish nationalism “Young Turks”

2. Abdul Aziz 1861-76

4. “YOUNG OTTOMANS” Goals: – Modernize along European lines Constitutional monarchy Parliamentary representation – Within framework of Islam “Mesveret” (“Consultation”) Leaders: – Namik Kemal (poet/writer) – Midhat Pasha (political leader)

5. Midhat Pasha

6. Abdul Aziz 1861-76

7. Murad V 1876

8. Abdul Hamid II 1876-1908

19. COMMITTEE OF UNION & PROGRESS (“Young Turks”) Goals: – Modernize along European lines – Restore constitution and parliament – Save Ottoman Empire or just Turkish nation? – Role for Islam or secular? Leaders: – Abdullah Cevdet (theorist) – Sabaheddin Pasha (organizer) – Ahmed Riza (political leader)

20. Ahmed Riza

21. Mehmed Talat Major Enver

22. Ahmed Riza

23. Abdul Hamid II 1876-1908

24. Mehmed V 1909-18

25. Mehmed Talat Major Enver

28. “THREE PASHAS” Mehmed Talat Pasha Ismail Enver Pasha Ahmed Cemel Pasha

30. “THREE PASHAS” Mehmed Talat Pasha Ismail Enver Pasha Ahmed Cemel Pasha