2.  Founded over 2000 years ago by Romans.  One of Germany’s Oldest Cities!  Located along the Rhine River and first called Ubii Village in 50 AD and then named “Cologina”.  One of the most important trade centers and became densely populated.  Today it is one of the most popular destinations to visit in Germany due to its rich cultural aspects.

3.  Many museums including the most popular Museum Ludwig which contains 20 th century Pop Culture art.  Römisch-Germanisches Museum contains the history of the Roman Influence along the Rhine River.  The city holds the “Long Night of Museums” once a year in autumn. All museums are opened late and can all be visited at a fixed price of 13 Euro.  Many music and art festivals held here.

4.  Is located in the heart of the city and can be seen from any point in the city.  Today it is the second highest building in the city.  Known for its massive size and gothic architecture.

5. WHAT IS A GOTHIC CATHEDRAL?  It is a large church built using architecture developed during the middle ages.  Gothic is a style of architecture influenced by the Romanesque architecture of earlier cathedrals.  Built to emphasize verticality and light by eliminating solid walls and columns along with high ceilings and large colored windows. CHARACTERISTICS OF GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE  Made of stone (Limestone, Sandstone, Purbeck Marble, Brick, etc)  Pointed Arch  Flying Buttresses  Ribbed Vault  Spires  Latin cross floor plan with some variation.

6. LATIN CROSS FLOOR PLAN  Nave makes the body of the church and may have single or double aisles.  Transept is the perpendicular arm making a cross shape.  Round extension of the nave is called the choir, apse, or chancel.  Windows illuminate the nave giving a heavenly glow. BASIC GOTHIC FLOOR PLAN

7. FLYING BUTTRESSES –GIVE SUPPORT T TO THE BUILDING. POINTED ARCH- DEFLECTS WEIGHT TOWARD THE OUTSIDE.

8. RIBBED VAULT- MAKES UP CEILINGS AND DEFLECTS WEIGHT. SPIRES- USED FOR DECORATION ON OUTSIDE.

9.  Many churches have stood in the same place as this building stands today.  The first church was built in 870 and was unchanged until 1170 where it had only minor changes.  1248 - old cathedral was disassembled and the new gothic cathedral was beginning to be built under Archbishop Rinald von Dassel.

10.  During this time, it became one of the most important pilgrimage churches in Europe.  1322 - Gothic choir was complete and surrounded by flying buttresses. Meetings could now be held inside the church.  Gero Cross and the Shrine of the Magi were placed here along with burial of saint Irmgardis and important arch bishops.

11.  1794-Nave is built with its aisles and 2 stories of the southern tower.  Adorned with furnishings until lack of interest and money stopped the building process.  After this the archbishop fled from the church due to French Troops. At this time it served as a storage building until 1801.  1842- Building of cathedral begins again due to the people of Köln’s desire.

12.  1864- Transept is finished and the wooden roof was replaced by iron construction and roof was finally complete.  1880- Both the North and South towers are finished completing the whole cathedral.  WWII- hit by 14 aerial bombs destroying parts of the northern transept and other wounds throughout. Many years of repair and reconstruction followed. Even today!

13. A VIEW FROM THE WEST.A VIEW FROM THE SOUTH.

14. VIEW FROM EAST – OLDEST SIDE OF CATHEDRAL A VIEW FROM ABOVE

15. INSIDE THE NAVENAVE AND 1 OF ITS ORGANS

16. TRANSEPT WITH 2 ND ORGANCHOIR VIEW FROM S.E.

17.  Overall Outside Length : 144.58 m  Overall Outside Width : 86.250 m  North and South Towers Height : 158 m  533 steps to top of towers  Nave Height : 43.35 m  Nave Width :45.19 m  4000 places overall 2800 standing places & 1200 seats.  Transept Height : 69.95 m  Transept Width : 39.95 m

18.  Presented to Cathedral by Archbishop Gero.  Made entirely of wood.  Stands 6ft 2in and portrays the deep suffering of Christ.  Functions as a sculpture and a relic.  Located in the Chapel of the Cross.

19.  Shortly after being donated to the cathedral the head of Christ developed a crack on it.  It was brought to Archbishop Gero to be repaired because only a holy man can fix it. He placed a splinter from a Holy Cross and a sacramental host into the crack.  This cured the crack in the cross and it is no longer visible…….or is it?

20.  AKA. Shrine of 3 Kings.  Largest relic in the world. 7ft tall covered in silver, gold, and precious jewels.  Holds the 3 gold crowned skulls of the Magi  Considered the 1 st religious Pilgrims to see Jesus at his birth.

21.  http://www.koeln.de/cologne_tourist_inform ation/history/from_ubii_village_metropolis  http://www.koeln.de/cologne_tourist_inform ation/arts_and_cultures/museums  http://www.koeln.de/cologne_tourist_inform ation/churches/the_cathedral pica and info.  http://www.koelner- dom.de/geschichte.html?&L=1

22.  https://www.msu.edu/~wursterj/gero_crucifix.htm  http://www.koelner- dom.de/wundervomgerokreuz.html?&L=1  http://www.sacred- destinations.com/germany/cologne- cathedral  http://www.koelner- dom.de/interessantes.html?&L=1

23.  http://ourlives-at- windandsea.info/mediac/400_0/media/DIR_1 17692/DIR_117701/10~Cologne~Dom.jpg  http://www.koeln.de/cologne_tourist_inform ation/churches/the_cathedral  http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/medieval /architecture/pictures/chartres/chartresfloorp lan2.jpg  http://www.koelner- dom.de/16955.html?&L=1

24.  http://www.flickriver.com/photos/allanimal/3 08857676/  http://tripideas.org/tag/cathedral/  http://www.koelner- dom.de/19257.html?&L=1  http://www.koelner- dom.de/bedeutendewerke.html?&L=1  http://www.koelner- dom.de/fenster.html?&L=1 organ

25.  http://www.koelner- dom.de/16977.html?&L=1  http://www.koelner- dom.de/16775.html?&L=1  http://www.koelner- dom.de/17085.html?&L=1  http://www.koelner- dom.de/16797.html?&L=1