1. LOST CITY The Discovery of Machu Picchu
By Ted Lewin
Day Day 4
Day Day 5
Day 3
Vocabulary Definitions
Vocabulary Sentences
Additional Resources

4. Study Skills Genre: Narrative Nonfiction
Comprehension Skill: Compare Contrast
Comprehension Strategy: Visualize
Comprehension Review Skill: Sequence
Vocabulary: Word Structure – Greek and Latin Roots

5. Genre: Narrative Nonfiction
Narrative nonfiction can tell the story of a real event such as the discovery of a lost city. The details of the event are presented in sequence so that readers can understand the cause-and-effect relationships.

6. Summary
Professor Hiram Bingham goes on a journey to Peru to find the lost city of Machu Picchu. With the help of a farmer named Arteaga and a Quechua boy, Bingham finds something unexpected -- the beautiful city of Machu Picchu sitting among the clouds.

7. Comprehension Skill Review: Compare and Contrast
A Comparison tells how two or more things are alike.
A Contrast tells how they are different
Clue words such as like, same or as show similarities.
Clue words such as
or unlike show differences.

8. Day 1 - Question of the Week
What surprises can happen on an expedition?

9. Vocabulary - Say It thickets torrent terraced curiosity glorious ruins
granite
thickets
torrent
terraced

10. More Words to Know
remote
rugged
ventured
adobe
highland
terraces

11. Comprehension Strategy Visualize
Good readers visualize as they read.
This means they create pictures in their minds.
Sensory words such as sticky and crackle can help you experience what you are reading.

13. Listen to the Story

14. Comprehension Skill- Sequence Pg. 551
Sequence means the order in which things happen.
Dates, times, and clue words such as first, then, next, and last can help you understand the order of events.
Sometimes two or more events happen at the same time. Words such as meanwhile and during can show this.

16. Compare and Contrast PB 213
Greek and roman Cultures
Similarities
Different
1. People lived in warm climates
3. Rome was a huge empire.
2. They both produced great poets and artists.
4. Rome had more advanced building methods
5. _____________________________________________________________

17. A locul farm boy guided Hiram Bingham to Machu picchu.
2. The cityies location had been a secrit to most people until then.

18. Comparatives & Superlatives

19. What’s your function? A comparative compares two items.
nicer, cooler, meaner
A superlative compares three items.
nicest, coolest, meanest
They can be used as adjectives.

20. Grammar Warm-up small fast great long much good
Write one comparative sentence and one superlative sentence for each adjective listed below:
small
fast
great
long
much
good

21. What is the comparative form of the adjective slow?
What is the superlative form of the adjective slow?

22. Did You Know…
Adjectives that have two or more syllables sometime require more or most to make the comparative and superlative forms.

23. What is the comparative form of the adjective ferocious?
What is the superlative form of the adjective ferocious?

26. Day 2 - Question of the Day
Why do you think Hiram Bingham was willing to go on such a difficult expedition?

27. Vocabulary Strategy – Greek and Latin Roots
Many English words have Latin or Greek roots.
For example, the Latin word terra means “earth, land.” Part of it appears in words such as terrain and territory.
The Latin word gloria means “praise”; part of it appears in words such as glorify, meaning “to praise.”
You might be able to use Latin and Greek roots to help you figure out the meaning of an unknown word.

28. Practice Word Structure
1. What is the Latin word for terraced?
terra – it has to do with land
2. How does the root in glorious…
it means “praise”
3. What do you think terrain means?...
refers to ground you walk on – “land”
4. It does not make sense . . .
it refers to something worth of praise
5. Write a sentence. . .
________________________________

29. an eager desire to know or learn
curiosity
an eager desire to know or learn

30. magnificent; splendid
glorious
magnificent; splendid

31. what is left after a building, wall, etc., has fallen to pieces
ruins
what is left after a building, wall, etc., has fallen to pieces

32. granite
a very hard gray or pink rock that is formed when lava cools slowly underground

33. bushes or small trees growing close together
thickets
bushes or small trees growing close together

34. a violent, rushing stream of water
torrent
a violent, rushing stream of water

35. terraced
formed into a flat, level land with steep sides; terraces are often made in hilly areas to create more space for farming

36. remote
out of the way; secluded

37. covered with rough edges; rough and uneven
rugged
covered with rough edges; rough and uneven

38. dared to come or go (to a new or unknown place)
ventured
dared to come or go (to a new or unknown place)

39. built with bricks made from clay baked in the sun
adobe
built with bricks made from clay baked in the sun

40. highland
related to a region that is higher and hillier than the neighboring countryside

41. terraces
flat raised levels of land with straight or sloping sides. Terraces are often made one above the other in hilly areas to create more space for raising crops.

42. Weekly Fluency Check - Phrasing
Grouping words that go together and making corrections if you make mistakes helps listeners to understand a selection better.
Break up long sentences by grouping related words into meaningful phrases.
Echo read the last paragraph on p. 544.

43. 3. After an long climb Bingham came across the city. 4
3. After an long climb Bingham came across the city. 4. The ruins were the better he had ever seed.

44. SOME RULES ABOUT FORMING COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES
One syllable adjectives generally form the comparative by adding -er and the superlative by adding -est, e.g.:
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
Soft
Softer
The softest
Cheap
Cheaper
The cheapest
Sweet
Sweeter
The sweetest
Thin
Thinner
The thinnest

45. SPELLING RULES
Note that if a one syllable adjective ends in a single vowel letter followed by a single consonant letter, the consonant letter is doubled, e.g.: thin → thinner, big → biggest.
If an adjective ends in -e, this is removed when adding -er/-est, e.g.: wide → wider/widest.
If an adjective ends in a consonant followed by -y, -y is replaced by -i when adding -er/-est, e.g.: dry → drier/driest.

46. TWO SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES
two syllable adjectives which end in -y usually form the comparative by adding -er and the superlative by adding -est, (note the change of -y to -i in the comparative/superlative) e.g.:
Adjective
Comparative
superlative
Lucky
luckier
The luckiest
Pretty
Prettier
The prettiest
Tidy
Tidier
The tidiest

47. TWO SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES
two syllable adjectives ending in -ed, -ing, -ful, or -less always form the comparative with more and the superlative with the most, e.g.:
Adjective
Comparative
superlative
Worried
More worried
The most worried
Boring
More boring
The most boring
Careful
More careful
The most careful
Useless
More useless
The most useless

48. THREE SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES
Adjectives which have three or more syllables always form the comparative and superlative with MORE and THE MOST, e.g.:
The only exceptions are some three syllable adjectives which have been formed by adding the prefix -un to another adjective, especially those formed from an adjective ending in -y. These adjectives can form comparatives and superlatives by using more/most or adding -er/-est, e.g.: unhappy – unhappier – the unhappiest/ the most unhappy
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
Dangerous
More dangerous
The most dangerous
Difficult
More difficult
The most difficult

49. Group WOrk Readers & WB 214 Spelling Day 2 Language Arts WB 85
Tri-fold Section 2
SmartBoard- Vocabulary

54. Day 3 - Question of the Day
What are some of the difficulties and satisfactions in the life of an archeologist?

55. Review Questions Why might so few people have known about the ruins?
What might have happened before the boy had a dream about the stranger?
What did Bingham see after he found the sun temple?
Make a generalization about the Incas from what you have learned in this story.
Why did the author include the boy’s thoughts?

56. Review Questions What did the boy call the camera? Why?
What is the main idea of the selection?
How was the author’s search for the ruins different from Bingham’s?
How would you describe the journey to Machu Picchu?
How are Cusco and the first capital of the Inca alike? Different?

57. Archeologists have curiosity about people who lived long ago.

58. Archeologists have curiosity about people who lived long ago.

59. They had to cut their way through jungles with thickets full of dangerous animals.

60. They had to cut their way through jungles with thickets full of dangerous animals.

61. Professor Bingham discovered the lost ruins of Machu Picchu.

62. Professor Bingham discovered the lost ruins of Machu Picchu.

63. What looks like rocks to us might be a glorious sight to a scientist.

64. What looks like rocks to us might be a glorious sight to a scientist.

65. The terraced fields on the side of the mountain were for growing crops.

66. The terraced fields on the side of the mountain were for growing crops.

67. Granite cliffs rose thousands of feet above the river.

68. Granite cliffs rose thousands of feet above the river.

69. The farmers cut terraces on steep hillsides to create flat places to farm.

70. The farmers cut terraces on steep hillsides to create flat places to farm.

71. A farmer’s home was usually a one-room adobe hut.

72. A farmer’s home was usually a one-room adobe hut.

73. They had to cross mountain rivers that fall in a raging torrent.

74. They had to cross mountain rivers that fall in a raging torrent.

75. Nights in the highlands were very cold.

76. Nights in the highlands were very cold.

79. 5. What an amazing place this were for a city. 6
5. What an amazing place this were for a city. 6. How do people centuries ago build anything so high in the mountains.

80. Group Work Partner Read & WB 127-128 Spelling Day 3
Language Arts WB 86
Tri-Fold Section 3
SmartBoard- Reading Review

83. TOC

86. Day 4 - Question of the Day - Review
How is visiting Machu Picchu today different from the trip Hiram Bingham made?

87. 7. Machu Picchu is famouser than this inca city. 8
7. Machu Picchu is famouser than this inca city. 8. Thousands of tourists visits every year, they bring money to the local economy.

88. Group Work Reading Computer Test Language Arts WB 87 Essay Questions
Tri-fold Section 4

90. TOC

91. Essay Questions Why might so few people have known about the ruins?
Why did the boy call the camera a “black box”?
How was the author’s search for the ruins different than Bingham’s?

92. Day 5 - Question of the Week TE 488L
What surprises can happen on an expedition?

93. Study Skill – Outline TE 559L
Outlining helps you understand text structure and remember information.
An outline is a plan that show how a story or other text is organized.
You can also you an outline to organize your thoughts before you write something of your own.
Outlining information can also help you prepare for tests.

94. Study Skill – Outline TE 559L
The title is listed at the top of the outline.
Topics are the most important ideas. They are identified with Roman numerals.
Subtitles are listed under a topic and tell more about it. They are identified with capital letters.
Details are listed under a subtopic and tell more about it. They are identified with numbers.
Let’s look at PB 219 and 220.

95. Practice Outlines Machu Picchu (Title) I. In the Past (Main Idea)
A. The Inca People (Subtopic)
B. The End of the Inca
C. The Legacy
1. Architecture (details)
2. Artifacts
3. Roads
II. Modern History
A. Rediscovery 1911 B. C.

96. 5. What an amazing place this were for a city. 6
5. What an amazing place this were for a city. 6. How do people centuries ago build anything so high in the mountains.

97. Group Work Reading WB 219-220 Language Arts WB 88 Writing Assignment
Tri-Fold Section 5
SmartBoard Game - Comparing with Adjectives

102. Writing Assignment Write a Poem
Write a brief poem using at least 3 spelling words.
The poem may be rhyming or non-rhyming.
It may be about any acceptable subject matter.

103. Additional Resources More about Machu Picchu
Photo Essay of Machu Picchu
Web Quest
Great PowerPoint on Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu - How They Kept the Secret
More on the Incas
Inca Trail Map
Reading Review
Vocabulary
Comparing with Adjectives
Adjectives - Comparative & Superlative Quiz
Adjectives preceded by "more" Quiz
BrainPop: Outlines