1. Describe what you see in this cartoon

2. The progressive era…what was it???
Women’s Rights
The progressive era…what was it???
Women want more a role that is more that just wife and mother.
Higher education for women opened doors to other careers such as:
Reformers urge a broad range of social and political changes.
Teachers
Nurses
Social Work that formed new organizations

3. Women’s Rights
Working women face hardships
Long hours
Dangerous working conditions
Easily bullied and cheated by their employers
Can’t vote…so they can’t have a say in the workplace environment

4. 1903 Workday was capped at 10 hours 1908 The law is reviewed.
Women’s Rights
Muller V. Oregon
1903 Workday was capped at 10 hours
1908 The law is reviewed.
Argued that the long hours harmed working women and their families.
Because they are mothers they are “properly placed in a class” by themselves.
Laws could now limit the work hours
Later this ruling would justify women getting paid less for the same job as a woman to 1920

5. 1899 National Consumers League
Women’s Rights
1899 National Consumers League
Florence Kelly founded because she felt women were hurt by unfair prices of goods used to run their homes
Labels “goods produced under fair, safe, and healthy working conditions”

6. 1899 National Consumers League
Women’s Rights
1899 National Consumers League
Inspect meatpacking plants
Workplace safety
Payments to unemployed.

7. Women’s Trade Union League
Women’s Rights
Women’s Trade Union League
Founded by Kelley
Tried to improve working conditions for women
Pushed for federal laws that set a minimum wage and 8 hour day.
Created the first strike fund

8. Women’s Rights
Progressive Women- what did they want?
To improve family life!!!

9. Women’s Rights
WCTU What are they up to?
More temperance
What is it again?
Never drinking!
This group gains members and momentum
Their work pays off in the form of…
The 18th Amendment!

10. Women’s Rights
WCTU What are they up to?
What is the 18th Amendment???
Outlawed the Production and Sale of Alcohol!

11. Women’s Rights
Who is she and why is she important?
Margaret Sanger
Felt that family life and women’s health would improve if women had fewer children

12. 1916 She opened the first birth control clinic
Women’s Rights
1916 She opened the first birth control clinic
Margaret Sanger
Felt her mother dies due to 11 child births and 7 miscarriages…it began her crusade (it was really TB)
In 1914 she coined the term "birth control" and soon began to provide women with information and contraceptives. Indicted in 1915 for sending diaphragms through the mail and arrested in 1916 for opening the first birth control clinic in the country, Sanger would not be deterred.
She was jailed many times as a “public nuisance”
Finally a federal judge said doctors could hand out information on family planning!

13. Women’s Rights
1921 Sanger founds:
American Birth Control League
Margaret Sanger
She made family planning information available to more women.

14. Women’s Rights
1896: National Association of Colored Women (NACW)
Ida Wells
Goal:
To help families strive for success
Assist those who were less fortunate

15. Women’s Rights
NACW helped to set up day care centers
Ida Wells
Goal:
Protect and educate black children while their parents went to work

16. Anti- Lynching Campaign
Women’s Rights
Anti- Lynching Campaign
Both parents slaves in Mississippi
She kept her family together after her parents die by teaching school.
On a train…she refused to give up her seat and move to the already overcrowded smoking car
1892 while living in Memphis…racial tension was growing
Violence was becoming the norm. Her three friends, Thomas Moss, Calvin McDowell, and Henry Stewart, owned the People's Grocery Company. It was doing well and was seen as competitive with a white-owned grocery store across the street. While Wells was out of town in Natchez, Mississippi, a white mob invaded her friends' store. During the altercation, three white men were shot and injured. Moss, McDowell, and Stewart were arrested and jailed. A large lynch mob stormed the jail and killed the three men.
After the lynching of her friends, Wells wrote in Free Speech and Headlight, urging blacks to leave Memphis:
There is, therefore, only one thing left to do; save our money and leave a town which will neither protect our lives and property, nor give us a fair trial in the courts, but takes us out and murders us in cold blood when accused by white persons.[11]
Wells emphasized the public spectacle of the lynching. Over 6,000 blacks did leave; others organized boycotts of white-owned businesses. After being threatened with violence, she bought a pistol. She later wrote, "They had made me an exile and threatened my life for hinting at the truth."

17. Women’s Rights The West
Women's suffrage laws before passage of the Nineteenth Amendment
 green: Full suffrage
orange: presidential suffrage
dark blue: primary suffrage
lt. Blue: school tax or bond suffrage
Pink: primary suffrage in some cities
Red: no suffrage
Burgundy: municipal suffrage in some cities
Stripe yellow and orange:
Strip orange and red
Yellow: municipal suffrage
On the whole, western states and territories were more favorable to women's suffrage than eastern ones (see map). It has been suggested that western areas, faced with a shortage of women on the frontier, "sweetened the deal" in order to make themselves more attractive to women so as to encourage female immigration or that they gave the vote as a reward to those women already there. Susan Anthony said that western men were more chivalrous than their eastern brethren.[35] In 1871 Anthony and Stanton toured several western states, with special attention to the territories of Wyoming and Utah where women already had equal suffrage. Their suffragist speeches were often ridiculed or denounced by the opinion makers - the politicians, ministers, and editors. Anthony returned to the West in 1877, 1895, and By the last trip, at age 76, Anthony's views had gained popularity and respect. Activists concentrated on the single issue of suffrage and went directly to the opinion makers to educate them and to persuade them to support the goal of suffrage.[36]
By 1920 when women got the vote nationwide, Wyoming women had already been voting for half a century.

18. Women’s Rights
May 1890…
The AWSA and NWSA become one again!
But Why???

19. Women’s Rights
1887 Stone purposed that the AWSA and NSWA meet to discuss a union of the 2 groups
Stone stated that the differences between the two organizations "have since been largely removed by the adoption of common principles and methods."

20. Women’s Rights
It took the next 2 years for the ladies to come to an agreement!
At this point Stanton has distanced herself from Suffrage
1889 Anthony campaigns for the union and for Stanton to be the president.
Of Stone and Anthony, Stanton wrote: "Lucy and Susan alike see suffrage only. They do not see woman's religious and social bondage."

21. Women’s Rights
In February of 1890 the newly-unified National American Woman Suffrage Association held its first convention in Washington, D.C., combining the AWSA and NWSA memberships
NAWSA
Stone was to ill to attend the first national conference, but she was elected to the executive committee. Stanton was named president and Anthony was the vice president.
Matilda Joslyn Gage, Olympia Brown and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were each alienated by the merger; together, their interests were too radical for the new NAWSA. Stanton turned toward work on The Woman's Bible with Gage, Brown and a Revising Committee of two dozen other women. With Stanton, the committee wished to correct the historical bias that men had introduced into the Bible.[11] This effort led to conflict with the NAWSA; in 1896, Rachel Foster Avery and a slim majority of younger NAWSA members voted to distance the organization from The Woman's Bible and from Stanton.[12] The NAWSA membership wished to focus on one single issue: the drive to gain for women the right to vote.[13]

22. Women’s Rights
Stanton is a figurehead president and Anthony runs the NAWSA in her absence.
Stanton passes on October 26, 1902
Anthony passes on March 3, 1906
The torch is passed to:
Carrie Catt Chapman

23. Women’s Rights
Carrie Catt Chapman
Educated woman- graduated from college
Campaigns for suffrage in Iowa in 1880’s
Member of WCTU
Close friend and colleague of Anthony

24. Women’s Rights
Carrie Catt Chapman
Anthony selects Chapman as her successor as president of NAWSA
Serves from 1900 to 1904
Serves a second term from

25. Women’s Rights Alice Paul
Hicksite Quakers, Alice's parents raised her with a belief in gender equality, and the need to work for the betterment of society. Hicksite Quakers stressed separation from the burgeoning materialistic society and advocated the benefits of staying close to nature.
"When you put your hand to the plow, you can't put it down until you get to the end of the row. “ --Alice’s mother
Her mother was a member of NAWSA and took Alice to suffrage meetings as a very young girl.
Alice Paul