1. The End of the Great War

2. Bell Ringer April 8, 2015
Though the Treaty of Versailles did not support many of Wilson’s ideas or 14 points, there was one source of victory for Wilson. What was this?

3. The League of Nations

4. Bell Ringer April 8, 2015 What does B.R.A.T stand for?
Write responses on your sheets

5. B.R.A.T. B= Blamed Germany for Causing WWI
R= Reparations had to be paid from Germany to Allied powers
A= Army of Germany was reduced to 100,000 men
T= Territories claimed by Germany in WWI were given back

7. Bell ringer April 7, 2015
Germany’s attacks on civilian ships were a part of a policy called __________________.
In the early years of World War I, the United States was a _____________ country because President Wilson did not want to become involved with WWI

8. Answers
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
Neutral

9. German Offensive When: March 21, 1918 What: Do or die offensive.
How: Used Big Bertha’s
which could fire
pound shells 75 miles.
Offensive was stopped
before capturing Paris.

10. “The Turning Point of WWI”
2nd Battle of the Marne
“The Turning Point of WWI”
Began July 15, 1918
Germans retreat Aug. 3rd
150,000 casualties
Allies now on offensive
Germany seeks armistice

11. Allies Counter Counterattack launched Sept. 1918
Allies break through Hindenburg Line Oct. 1918
Allies move north toward Belgium to reclaim lost territory
Allies defeat Germans at French -German border.

12. Problems for Central Powers
Germany:
Poor economy= no food, no supplies
Riots break out!
Austria Hungary:
Revolution erupts.
The will to fight is lost

13. Peace
Nov. 11, Armistice is signed
The Great War is over!!!

14. A Difficult Peace
President Wilson’s Vision of World Peace: The Fourteen Points
Included:
Reduction of Weapons
Right of all people to choose their own gov’t
Proposed forming a world organization to prevent aggression (war)

15. Not all Allies agree
France- wanted to punish Germany and make them pay for war
Great Britain – wanted to punish Germany but not weaken them. Why?
Italy- hoped to gain territory but they were ignored

16. Treaty of Versailles Much closer to Clemenceau’s vision than Wilson’s
1. Germany forced to pay $ to war victims
2. Germany forced to take full responsibility for war
3. Designed to weaken Germany
4. Limit size of military
5. Germany gives back conquered lands to France and Russia

17. B.R.A.T. B= Blamed Germany for Causing WWI
R= Reparations had to be paid from Germany to Allied powers
A= Army of Germany was reduced to 100,000 men
T= Territories claimed by Germany in WWI were given back

18. German Reaction German’s were furious and humiliated
Forced to sign the treaty on JUNE 28, 1919
Reparations cripple German economy
Bitterness would affect German politics in years to come

19. League of Nations Organization of world governments proposed by Wilson
Established by Treaty of Versailles

20. Main Goals Encourage cooperation, keep peace between nations
Germany excluded
U.S. did not ratify treaty, not member, weakened League

21. Other Treaties
Treaties with Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Empire…forced to break up
New countries emerge: Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Turkey

22. Cost of War
Human: 9 million in war, 50 million die because of a world wide flu outbreak of 1918
Economic: destroyed European economies, US and Japan flourish
Political Changes: Communism in Russia, new states arise due to falling empires
Colonies change hands, specifically those owned by Germany

25. After WWI, the US pursued efforts to maintain peace in the world
After WWI, the US pursued efforts to maintain peace in the world. However, as a result of the national debate over the Versailles Treaty ratification and the League of Nations, the United States moved away from the role of peace keeper and limited its involvement in international affairs.