1. Can Self-Differentiation and Countervailing Behavioral Norms Weaken Gang Identity and Reduce Crime? Ivette Merced University of Southern California Mentor: Dr. Karen Hennigan

2. Introduction: Los Angeles GRYD Program What is it? How does that relate to our work?

3. THE LOS ANGELES GRYD COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY GRYD Strategy Approaches Primary Prevention Secondary Prevention Intervention Case Management Intervention Violence Interruption Suppression  Gun Buy-Back  GRYD Cabinet  Community Action Teams  Community Education Campaign  GRYD Gang Prevention Services  Family Centered Model  Family-Based Case Management  Reentry referrals and services  Crisis Response  Proactive peace- making activities  Los Angeles Violence Intervention Academy  On-going communication with law enforcement agencies  Coordination of services after suppression activities (e.g., “take-downs”/ Operation Ceasefire)  Female Responsive Programming  GRYD Interdisciplinary Teams Community and Law Enforcement Engagement Summer Night Lights Program Evaluation

4. Location of GRYD Zones Central L.A. Rampart East L.A. Boyle Heights/Hollenbeck Ramona Gardens/Hollenbeck Cypress Park/Northeast South L.A. Baldwin Village/Southwest Southwest II Newton Florence-Graham/77th 77th II Watts/Southeast Valley: Pacoima/Foothill Panorama City/Mission Other Communities Harbor/Gateway Venice Canoga Park Belmont Sun Valley Watts Highland Park Wilshire FOCUSING ON HIGH GANG VIOLENCE AREAS

5. HYPOTHESIS In the current study we examined sources of influence that are predicted to directly countervail against gang social identity. The first, self-differentiation, is defined by resisting the fusion of one’s personal identity with others. This fusion of self was analyzed looking at both family identity and gang identity. In addition we looked at antisocial behavioral norms and how those relate to gang social identity. In encouraging the individual to family and other groups, it was predicted that these would countervail against antisocial group norms of street gangs.

7. METHODS Participants N=209 Male and Female gang involved youth. Procedures- Structured interviews were administered by trained agency staff as clients entered into the program. This interview is part of the intervention component of the overall GRYD Program.

8. METHODS MEASURES: SELF-DIFFERENTIATION: Fused with others scales (adapted Skowron et al. 2009) NORMS: Norms ( Hennigan, 2013) GANG SOCIAL IDENTITY: Social Identity (Leach et al, 2008) Emotional Ties (Pyrooz, Decker and Webb 2010) OUTCOME VARIABLES: Self-Report Crime and Violence (Variety Scoring)

9. CORRELATIONSGANG SID/EMOLN CRIMELN VIOLENCE ANTI SOCIAL SELF NORMS.350, p=.000.481, p=.000.335, p=.000 SELF INVESTMENT.107, p=.142, ns-.116, p=.097-.138, p=.049 FO FAMILY-.232, p=.002-.124, p=.084-.132, p=.066 FO GANG.346, p=.000.089, p=.232, ns.182, p=.013 GANG SID EMO.374, p=.000.427, p=.000