1. BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations
Airport Ramp Handling

2. Airport Ramp Handling The anatomy of an airport The aircraft turnround
ATC functions
Communications
Safety hazards on the ramp
Aircraft loading – passengers and cargo
The regulations

3. Airport Ramp Handling A distinction!!
Throughout this unit you will produce a:
Portfolio
Presentation
Report
You will achieve:
A pass
A merit!
A distinction!!

4. The Anatomy of an Airport

5. An Airport Plan

6. Ramp or Apron
Runway
Taxiway
Perimeter Track (Peri Track)

7. The Aircraft Turnround
What is a “Turnround”?

8. The Aircraft Turnround
Who / what is involved?
Marshaller
Passenger escorts
Ground Power
Steps
Loaders
Refuellers
Engineers
Caterers
Cleaners
Dispatchers
Push Back / Powerback
Deicing
Organisations
ATC
Customs
Immigration
Airport Authority
Police
Security
airline
Ground handling agents
Port health authority

9. The Aircraft Turnround
The sequence

10. The Marshaller

11. The Marshaller Why have a marshaller? What does he/ she do?
How does he/she do it?
Who employs the marshallers
DEMONSTRATION!!

12. Chocks

13. What happens when chocks are not put in place?

14. Steps

15. Escorting Passengers

16. Escorting Passengers What does a passenger escort do?
Why do we need passenger escorts?
Other functions of passenger escorts
Who employs passenger escorts?

17. Power on the Ground Combined Ground Power And Air Conditioning Unit
Ground Power Unit
Air Start Unit

18. Power on the Ground Why do we need electrical power?
Why do we need air conditioning?
Why do we need air start units?
Which is better – fixed or mobile GPU and ACU?
Who provides the power?

19. Unloading / Loading

20. Unit Load Device (ULD)

21. LD8

22. Lower Deck Loader

23. Aircraft Loading What is loaded? How is it loaded? Where is it loaded?
Health & safety precautions?
Unusual loads eg AVI, HUM, HAZ
Who employs the loaders?

24. Aircraft Refuelling (under wing)

25. Aircraft Refuelling (hydrant)

26. Aircraft Refuelling (over wing)

27. Aircraft Re-fuelling What kind of fuel is used?
Where are the fuel tanks?
How much fuel is loaded?
How much fuel is burned?
Who employs the re-fuellers?
Safety concerns?

28. Aircraft Maintenance

29. Line Maintenance

30. Hangar Maintenance

31. Defects (examples) Major Defects Flat tyre Engine failure
Cracked windscreen
Radio u/s
Cabin crew seat u/s
Intercom system u/s
Emerg. lighting u/s
Minor Defects
Galley oven u/s
Single toilet u/s
Passenger seat u/s
Cabin trim damaged
Overhead bin u/s

32. Aircraft Maintenance What do aircraft engineers do?
Are they specialised?
How often are the aircraft serviced?
Where are the aircraft serviced?
How do they know if the aircraft has a technical problem? (Technical Log)
Who employs aircraft engineers?

33. Flight Catering

34. Flight Catering What is in-flight catering? How many meals are loaded?
How are “special meals” catered for?
Apart from food, what else do the caterers provide?
Any health and safety concerns?

35. Aircraft Cleaning

36. Aircraft Cleaning What gets cleaned?
Why is cleaning on a turnround important?
What else gets serviced?
Who employs the aircraft cleaners?

37. Toilet Service

38. Aircraft Push Back

39. Aircraft Push Back What is a Push Back? Why are Push Backs required?
Why are aircraft parked “nose-in”?
Who performs Push Backs?
Pushback BA 777 Sydney Airport

40. Aircraft Power Back What is a Power Back?
Which aircraft perform Power Backs
Why is it not widely used?
DC9 Power Back

41. Flight Dispatcher

42. Flight Dispatcher What does he/ she do? Co-ordination role
Load planning
Verification
Ultimate responsibility

43. The Aircraft Turnround

44. Equipment positioning

45. Typical Turnround Sequence
Source: boeing.com

46. Passenger Boarding Times

47. B757 Turnround Times
Source: boeing.com

48. Speeding up boarding
Source; boeing.com

49. Low Cost Carriers Aircraft Choice
Why?
                                             
You'll see that of all the airplanes operated by the top-20 low-cost carriers, 86% of them are Boeing 737s. And even if all the airplanes on order by these 20 carriers at the end of 2004 were delivered today, the 737 would still have about 73% of the share of the low-cost market. And that doesn't even include the exciting order from Ryanair this week.
The 737 is preferred by the large, successful low-cost carriers. This is a snapshot of the market at the end of All-737 operators shown in blue. All-A320 operators shown in red. The others operate mixed fleets or have indicated that they will.
Boeing Airbus 320
Source: boeing.com

50. Team Work
Consider:
Which agencies need to work as teams to ensure an efficient turnround?

51. Planning
Consider:
Who and what needs to be involved in the planning process prior to an aircraft arrival