1. 1 University of Wales Bachelor of Science (Industrial Engineering and Management) Year 3 Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved.Section 7-8-9

2. 2 Project Management Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved.Section 7-8-9

3. 3 PROJECT PLAN Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved.Section 7-8-9

4. 4 Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved.Section 7-8-9 Source: Gray & Larson (2008)

5. 5 Developing the Project Plan Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. Developing the Project Network  A flow chart that reflecting the sequence, interdependencies of the project plan of activities that is the critical path through the network  Provides the basis for scheduling labor and equipment  Provides an estimate of the project’s duration  Provides a basis for budgeting cash flow Section 7-8-9

6. 6 Work Package to Network Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. WBS / Work Packages to Network Source: Gray & Larson (2008) Section 7-8-9

7. 7 Constructing a Network Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. Terminology  Activity  Merge activity  Parallel activities  Path  Critical path  Event  Burst activity A C BD C AB B D A C Source: Gray & Larson (2008) Section 7-8-9

8. 8 Activity-on-Node (AON) Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. Activity-on-Node (AON) Fundamentals Source: Gray & Larson (2008) Section 7-8-9

9. 9 Network Computation Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. Network Computation Process Forward Pass—Earliest Times  How soon can the activity start? (early start—ES)  How soon can the activity finish? (early finish—EF)  How soon can the project finish? (expected time—ET) Section 7-8-9

10. 10 Network Computation Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. Network Computation Process Backward Pass—Latest Times  How late can the activity start? (late start—LS)  How late can the activity finish? (late finish—LF)  Which activities represent the critical path?  How long can it be delayed? (slack or float—SL) Section 7-8-9

11. 11 Network Computation Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. Determining Slack (or Float)  Free Slack (or Float)  Total Slack  The critical path Section 7-8-9

12. 12 Using Forward and Backward Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. Using the Forward and Backward Pass Information  Forward Pass information (ES, EF) Source: Gray & Larson (2008) Section 7-8-9

13. 13 Using Forward and Backward Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. Using the Forward and Backward Pass Information  Backward Pass information (LS, LF) Source: Gray & Larson (2008) Section 7-8-9

14. 14 Practical Considerations Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved.  Network Logic Errors  Activity Numbering  Use of Computer to Develop Networks  Calendar Dates  Multiple Starts and Multiple Projects Illogical Loop Source: Gray & Larson (2008) Section 7-8-9

15. 15 Extended Network Techniques Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. Extended Network Techniques to Come Closer to Reality  Laddering  Use of Lags  An Example Using Lag Relationships—The Forward and Backward Pass  Hammock Activities Section 7-8-9

16. 16 Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved. Source: Gray & Larson (2008) Section 7-8-9

17. 17 Review Questions Copyright © 2012 MDIS. All rights reserved.  How are WBS and project networks linked?  What is the difference between free slack and total slack?  Why are lags used in developing project networks? Source: Gray & Larson (2008) Section 7-8-9