1. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Day 22

2. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Ch 1 -2 Agenda Questions? IP Part 5 Graded, Feedback provided Any of the first five sections can be resubmitted for rescoring prior to December 13. The recorded score will the average of the original score and the score on the resubmitted section. Please notify me via email which sections you will be resubmitting. IP part 6 Due Dec 9 Assignment 8 posted (Last One) Due Dec 5 Resource Management

3. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Finals Rescheduling IP Project presentation on Dec 12 Part 1-5 resubmits due Exam 3 done asynchronously via Blackboard on Dec 16 Final IP Project Due Dec 18 3

4. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-4 Chapter 12 © 2007 Pearson Education

5. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 12 Learning Objectives After completing this chapter, students will be able to: Recognize the variety of constraints that can affect a project, making scheduling and planning difficult. Understand how to apply resource-loading techniques to project schedules to identify potential resource overallocation situations. Apply resource-leveling procedures to project activities over the baseline schedule using appropriate prioritization heuristics. Follow the steps necessary to effectively smooth resource requirements across the project life cycle. Apply resource management within a multiproject environment. 12-05

6. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Types of Constraints TECHNICAL CONSTRAINTS PHYSICAL CONSTRAINTS RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS PEOPLE MATERIALS MONEY EQUIPMENT 12-06

7. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Example ActivityDescriptionDuratio n PredecessorsMember Assigned AAssign Bids5Tom BDocument Awards5AJeff CCalculate Costs5AJeff DSelect Winning Bid1B, CSue EDevelop PR Campaign4DCarol 12-7 figure12.2.mpp

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9. 12-9

10. 12-10

11. 12-11 Resource Loading The amounts of individual resources that a schedule requires during specific time periods. Resource Usage table Resource NameWorkDetails5/55/125/195/26 Bob40 hrsWork8h32h Assign Bids40 hrsWork8h32h Carol40 hrsWork8h32h Calculate Cost40 hrsWork8h32h Ted40 hrsWork8h32h Documentation40 hrsWork8h32h Alice8 hrsWork8h Select Bid8 hrsWork8h

12. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Resource Leveling (Smoothing) A multivariate, combinatorial problem Objectives 1. To determine the resource requirements so that they will be available at the right time 2. To allow each activity to be scheduled with the smoothest possible transition across resource usage levels 12-012

13. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-13 Prioritization Rules for Leveling 1. Smallest amount of slack 2. Smallest duration 3. Lowest ID number (FCFS) 4. Greatest number of successor tasks 5. Requiring the most resources

14. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-14 Resource leveling (method one) Develop resource leveling table Determine activity Late finish dates Identify resource Over-allocation Level the resource loading table using priority rules Requires more than one run-through due to ripple effects Examine conflicts (apply priority rules) Select activity to be reconfigured Start over, looking for more conflicts

15. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Example 12.2 ActivityDurationPredecessors A5- B4A C5A D6A E6B F6C G4D H7E,F I5G J3G K5H,I,J 15

16. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-16 Sample project (Example 12.2 from text)

17. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-17 Task table ActivityDurationESEFLSLFSlack A50505 B4596101 C55 5 D65118143 E691510161 F610161016 G4111514183 H716231623 I5152018233 J3151820235 K5 282328

18. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-18 Resource Needs ActivityDurationFloatHours/dayTotal hours A5630 B4128 C5420 D63318 E613 F6212 G43416 H7321 I53420 J3526 K5525 Total194

19. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-19 Resource Profile

20. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-20 Resource loading table

21. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-21 Resource Loading with LF dates

22. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-22 leveling resource leveling.xls

23. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-23 End result (8 hours per day)

24. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-24 A much better Way Use MS Project Enter resources Assign resources to tasks Use Resource leveling tool Sample resource leveling.mpp

25. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-25 Resource Loading charts Method two 1. Create a project activity network diagram 2. Develop resource loading table 3. Determine activity late finish dates 4. Identify resource over allocation 5. Resource level the loading table

26. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-26 Creating Resource Loading Charts Display the amount of resources required as a function of time. 0 A4 Res = 6 4 B5 Res = 2 5 D9 Res = 7 9 E11 Res = 3 4 C7 Res = 2 11 F12 Res = 6 1.Start with a network diagram

27. 12-27 Creating Resource Loading Charts ActivityResourceDurationESSlackLF A64004 B21405 C234411 D74509 E3290 F61 012 2.Produce a table that shows the duration, early start, late finish, slack, and resource(s) required for each activity.

28. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-28 Creating Resource Loading Charts A 2 4 6 8 2 121086414 C B D E F Project Days Resources 3.Draw an initial loading chart with each activity scheduled at its ES. Resource imbalance

29. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-29 Creating Resource Loading Charts 4.Rearrange activities within their slack to create a more level profile. Splitting C creates a more level project. A 2 4 6 8 2 121086414 C B D E F Project Days Resources C Split_task.mpp

30. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-30 efficiency

31. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-31 Key Parameters in Multi-Project Environments  Schedule slippage  Possible $ penalty  Resource utilization  More efficient is better  In-process inventory  Reduce back log

32. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12-32 Prioritizing Resource Allocations in Multi- Project Environments First come first served Greatest resource demand Greatest resource utilization Minimum late finish time Mathematical programming

33. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Demand vs. Utilization Personnel resources 3 writers, 3 painters and 3 sculptors Project A requires 3 painters for 2 weeks, 3 sculptors for 1 weeks and one writer for 1 weeks (10 artist/weeks) Greater Demand Project B requires 2 writers for 1week, 3 painters for 1 week and 3 sculpt0rs for 1 week (8 artist/weeks) Greater utilization 33

34. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Summary 1. Recognize the variety of constraints that can affect a project, making scheduling and planning difficult. 2. Understand how to apply resource-loading techniques to project schedules to identify potential resource overallocation situations. 3. Apply resource-leveling procedures to project activities over the baseline schedule using appropriate prioritization heuristics. 4. Follow the steps necessary to effectively smooth resource requirements across the project life cycle. 5. Apply resource management within a multiproject environment. 12-34