1. Ch 11 Section 2 Fungi

2. Come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors
Fungi
Eukaryotic consumers
Come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors

3. Hyphae- chains of cells that make up multicellular fungi
Hidden from View
Hyphae- chains of cells that make up multicellular fungi
Mycelium- a twisted mass of fungal hyphae that have grown together

4. that cannot eat or engulf food. They must live on or
Consumers
Fungi are consumers
that cannot eat or engulf food.
They must live on or
near their food supply

5. Getting Food
Most fungi obtain nutrients by secreting digestive juices onto the food source, then absorbing the dissolved substances
Many are decomposers

6. Some fungi live in symbiotic relationships with other organisms
Roots with fungi
Some fungi live in symbiotic relationships with other organisms
On roots of plants – produce acid to change the minerals in the soil

7. Fungi cytoplasm
Holes in the cell walls of fungi allow the cytoplasm to move between cells throughout the organism

8. Asexual or sexual Reproduction Asexual
Hyphae breaks apart and each new piece becomes a new individual
Production of spores

9. Reproduction
Spores – a small reproductive cell protected by a thick wall
Sexual
Fungi produce sex cells from special structures that join to form new individuals

10. Threadlike Fungi Kinds of Fungi Molds- a shapeless, fuzzy fungus
Most live in the soil and are usually decomposers

11. Threadlike fungi
Reproduce asexually by forming sporangia, extensions of the hyphae that produce spores

12. Threadlike Fungi
Reproduce sexually by hyphae from different individuals join and develop into specialized sporangia

13. Sac Fungi
Largest group of fungi, includes yeast, powdery mildew, truffles and morels
Reproduces sexually by forming a sac called an ascus
Sexually produced spores develop within the sac

14. Most are multicellular but yeasts are single celled
Yeast reproduce asexually by budding, a new cell pinches off from an existing cell

15. Yeast is used for making bread
Uses
Yeast is used for making bread
Truffles and morels are prized edible sac fungi

16. Most familiar group Umbrella shaped
Club Fungi
Most familiar group
Umbrella shaped
During sexual reproduction, special hyphae develop and produce clublike structures called basidia

17. Club Fungi
Sexual spores develop inside the basidia
The mushroom you know is only the sexual spore forming part of the organism which form at the edge of the mass of hyphae, usually in a circle

18. Club Fungi
Most familiar, basidia form in the grooves or gills under the mushroom cap
Other types of club fungi include bracket fungi, puffballs, smuts, and rusts

19. Imperfect Fungi
Includes the fungi that doesn’t fit into the other groups
Do not reproduce sexually
Most are parasites that cause disease in plants and animals

20. Imperfect Fungi
Athletes foot – fungus on the skin
One kind produces a toxin called aflatoxin, which can cause cancer
Used to make penicillin, cheese, soy sauce and citric acid for soft drinks

21. Lichens
Combination of fungus and an alga that grow intertwined and exist in a symbiotic relationship
Producers

22. Resist drying out because they are protected by the fungi cell wall
Lichens
Resist drying out because they are protected by the fungi cell wall
Need only water, air and minerals, so they can grow on rocks

23. Lichens
They produce acids that break down the rock and cause cracks, which become filled with bits of rock and dead lichens, making soil for other things to grow on

24. Lichens
Absorb water and minerals from the air, making them sensitive to air pollution