2. By Osvaldo, Hector, and Frank

3. Database Basics  What Is a Database?  What do the following things have in common: an address book, a telephone directory, a list of family birthdays, and a catalog of DVDs? For one thing, each can be stored in a database, or an organized collection of information. Databases can exist on paper or on a computer. Computerized databases can be huge, containing information on millions of items. A computerized database is an ideal tool for making use of huge amounts of existing data.

4.  Databases :make it easy to store, add, organize, and retrieve information. Suppose a worker has to find the account number for a customer. Imagine how much time that worker saves if he or she can find the information simply by typing the customer’s name instead of searching through piles of paper!

5. Vocabulary Preview: How many vocabulary words do you already know? To test your knowledge of this chapter’s key terms,

6. Vocabulary  database  Table  record  field  data type  garbage in, garbage out (GIGO)

7. Vocabulary  database management system (DBMS)  flat-file database  sort  relational database  key field  object-oriented database

8. Vocabulary   information overload  browse  ascending order  descending order  Report  report template

9. Vocabulary  database  an organized collection of information that may or may not be stored in a computer base de datos conjunto organizado de información que puede estar guardado o no en una computadora

10. Vocabulary  table  the underlying structure of a relational database characterized by rows and columns  tabla  estructura subyacente de una base de datos relacional caracterizada por filas y columnas

11. Vocabulary  record  a part of a database that holds data about a particular individual or item  registro  parte de una base de datos que contiene datos acerca de un individuo o elemento específico

12. Vocabulary  field  part of a database that holds an individual piece of data  campo  parte de una base de datos que contiene un dato individual

13. Vocabulary  data type  settings applied to a database field, which allow the field to store only information of a specific type and/or format  tipo de datos  parámetros que se aplican a un campo de base de datos, que permiten al campo almacenar información de un solo tipo y/o formato específico

14. Vocabulary  garbage in, garbage out (GIGO)  a phrase that stresses the importance of inputting accurate data in a database  entra basura, sale basura  frase que destaca la importancia de introducir datos precisos en una base de datos

15. Vocabulary  database management system (DBMS)  a software program used to manage the storage, organization, processing, and retrieval of data in a database  sistema de administración de bases de datos  programa de software que sirve para administrar el almacenamiento, organización, procesamiento y recuperación de datos de una base de datos

16. Vocabulary  flat-file database  a database that can work with only one table at a time  base de datos de archivos planos  una base de datos que trabaja sólo con un archivo a la vez

17. Vocabulary  sort  to arrange data in a specific order  ordenar  disponer datos siguiendo un orden específico

18. Vocabulary  relational database  a database in which shared key fields link data among tables  base de datos relacional  base de datos en la que los campos clave compartidos enlazan datos entre tablas

19. Vocabulary  key field  an element that links tables in a relational database  campo clave  elemento que enlaza tablas de una base de datos relacional

20. Vocabulary  information overload  the result of a computer user being overwhelmed by the amount of information generated by his or her computer  sobrecarga de información  lo que ocurre cuando un usuario de computadora se ve abrumado por la cantidad de información que genera su computadora

21. Vocabulary  browse  to find information in a database by looking at records one at a time  examinar  buscar información en una base de datos revisando los registros uno por uno

22. Vocabulary  ascending order  the sorting of data by increasing value  orden ascendente  clasificación de los datos en orden de valor creciente

23. Vocabulary  descending order  the sorting of data by decreasing value  orden descendente  ordenamiento de datos por valor decreciente

24. Vocabulary  report  an ordered list of selected database records and fields in an easy-to-read format  informe  lista ordenada de una selección de registros y campos de base de datos en un formato de fácil lectura

25. Vocabulary  report template  a pattern that controls how data will be displayed in a database report  plantilla de informe  patrón que controla la forma de mostrar los datos en un informe de base de datos

26. Assessment chapter 8  1 Which of the following is not a part of a database? C. fields

27.  2. In a database, a _____ is a unit of information about one individual or item. B. field

28.  3 Which of the following is not an advantage of a computerized database?  D. the ability to organize information in different ways

29. 4. What does the term GIGO stand for? C. garbage in, garbage out

30.  5. Which type of database allows you to work with data in only one table? C. flat-file database

31.  6. This kind of database can be used to store all kinds of items, such as documents or video clips. A. flat-file database

32.  7. _____ the same data in multiple tables requires the computer to store more information and increases the chance of errors. B. Avoiding

33.  8.This means finding data by looking at all the records in a database. B. mining

34.  9.If you sort data in order of increasing value, such as A– Z or 1–9, what sort order are you using? D. exponential

35.  10. This is a user-created direction that tells the database to find specific records

36.  11. A database is an organized collection of information. A. True

37.  12.Databases typically store all their data in one large table B. False

38.  13. A field’s data type determines what kind of information can be stored there A. True

39.  14. A computerized database can store millions of telephone numbers. A. True

40.  15. One disadvantage of computerized databases is that they limit your ability to arrange information. B. False

41.  16. The same features that make databases efficient tools also enable them to keep data secure. B. False

42.  18. The people who create databases can avoid causing information overload by summarizing information so that it does not overwhelm the databases’ users. A. True

43.  17. Instead of storing the same data in multiple tables, it is more efficient to store the data in one table and link it to other tables. A. True

44.  19. If you sort a database’s information chronologically, then you are sorting letters and symbols. B. False

45.  20. A query lets you speed up the browsing process by finding information that matches specific criteria. A. True