1. 1 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

2. 2 CHAPTER Dogs 7

3. 3 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. History of the Dog Probably first domesticated animal ~10,000 years ago Many dogs descended from the wolf –These dogs roamed in packs –Eventually found it easier to get food from humans –Humans began to depend on the dog –Modern dog evolved from selected breeding

4. 4 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. History of the Dog Ancestors of the dog lived 40-50 million years ago. –Miacis –Small carnivorous animals that looked more like a weasel than a dog –Lived in trees

5. 5 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. History of the Dog Tomarctus –Considered the “father” of modern dogs. –Body built for speed and endurance –Was a hunter –Looked much like the modern dog: today’s dog retains much of the Tomarctus’ anatomical features

6. 6 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. History of the Dog Today, 7 main groups and 155 breeds

7. 7 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. 7 Groups of Dogs 1.The Sporting Group 2.The Hound Group 3.The Terrier Group 4.The Working Dog Group 5.The Herding Group 6.The Toy Group 7.The Non-Sporting Dog Group

8. 8 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. 1-The Sporting Group Developed to help hunters pursue game Breeds –Pointer –German Shorthaired Pointer –German Wirehaired Pointer –Labrador Retriever –English Setter –Irish Setter –Brittany –English Springer Spaniel –American Cocker Spaniel

9. 9 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. 2-The Hound Group One type hunts by scent, the other sight Breeds –Afghan Hound –Basset Hound –Beagle –Black and Tan Coonhound –Bloodhound –Dachshund –American Foxhound –Greyhound –Norwegian Elkhound

10. 10 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. 3-The Terrier Group Two subgroups: (1) Long-legged, large breeds and (2) short-legged, small breeds Breeds –Airedale Terrier –Bedlington Terrier –Border Terrier –Bull Terrier –Dandie Dinmont Terrier –Fox Terrier –Miniature Schnauzer –Skye Terrier –Welsh Terrier

11. 11 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. 4-The Working Dog Group Developed to labor or work for humans Breeds –Alaskan Malamute –Boxer –Doberman Pinscher –Great Dane –Great Pyrenees –Standard Schnauzer –Rottweiler –Saint Bernard –Samoyed breed –Siberian Husky –Komondor

12. 12 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. 5-The Herding Dog Group Developed to aid livestock herders with livestock Breeds –Collie –Border Collie –German Shepherd –Old English Sheepdog –Shetland Sheepdog –Welsh Corgi

13. 13 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. 6-The Toy Dog Group Developed as house pets and companions Breeds –Chihuahua –Italian Greyhound –Manchester Terrier –Pekingnese –Pug –Yorkshire Terrier –Shih Tzu

14. 14 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. 7-The Non-sporting Dogs Developed as companions Breeds –Boston Terrier –Bulldog –Dalmatian –Lhasa Apso –Poodle

15. 15 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. The Miscellaneous Class American Kennel Club recognizes five breeds where interest exists –May compete in obedience trials, earn obedience titles, and compete in conformation shows but not earn championship points –Continued interest may earn entrance to regular class Breeds –Jack Russell Terrier –Tibetan Mastiff

16. 16 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. The Hybrid or “Designer” Breeds Produced by crossing purebred dogs of two different breeds Common hybrids –Schnoodle: Schnauzer and poodle –Goldendoodle: Golden retriever and poodle –Labradoodle: Labrador retriever and standard poodle –Puggle: Female beagle and male pug –Poochin: Poodle and Japanese chin

17. 17 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Basics of Dog Feeding Commercial foods are fast and convenient Special groups need special feeding –Pregnant and lactating females: More food, more frequently –Puppies: Puppy food in amount for breed –Older dogs: Need protein and nutrients Other feeding suggestions –Hard-boil or cook eggs before feeding –Take care with bones

18. 18 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Guidelines for Dog Exercise Avoid strenuous exercise for 2 hours after dogs have eaten large meals Have dogs get physical exams Condition dogs for strenuous exercise Be alert to signs of dogs’ fatigue

19. 19 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Methods of Dog Training Basic training –Five basic commands starting as puppy –Rely on voice, avoid hitting or threatening House-training –Praise and scold appropriately –Consider paper training Obedience training –Start with short sessions, work longer –Use proper equipment properly

20. 20 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Basics of Dog Grooming and Care Hair coats: Brush daily, check for mats Bathing: Only as needed with dog soap Nails: Trim occasionally Ears: Clean monthly, no sharp objects Eyes: Use eyewash solution, keep free of irritants, rely on veterinary assistance Teeth: Clean once or twice a week

21. 21 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Infectious Dog Diseases Caused by pathogenic microorganisms able to invade and grow in living tissue Examples –Canine distemper –Infectious canine hepatitis –Leptospirosis –Canine parvovirus infection –Infectious tracheobronchitis –Rabies

22. 22 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Noninfectious Dog Diseases Caused by physical injuries or genetic defects or are noncontagious diseases Examples –Heart disease –Cataracts –Glaucoma –Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) –Cherry eye –Hip dysplasia

23. 23 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Fungal Dog Diseases Ringworm –One of most common fungal diseases –Fungal organisms in dogs and cats, soil, and wild rodents Systemic fungal infections –Blastomycosis –Histoplasmosis –Coccidioidomycosis

24. 24 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Internal Dog Parasites Roundworms Hookworms Whipworms Tapeworms Heartworms

25. 25 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. External Dog Parasites Fleas Ticks Lice Mites Chiggers

26. 26 Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Poisonings Insecticides Plants Household chemicals Herbicides Medications Metal poisonings Antifreeze