1. The Path to High Brix Foundation Parameters for Biological Function Plant Sap p H acid / alkaline balance HIGHER than 6.4 probable anion shortages Nitrogen, Phosphate, Sulfur IDEAL : 6.4 = optimum growth, production & health LOWER than 6.4 probable cation deficiencies Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, Sodium OVER 8.0 odds of insect trouble = 100% Low sap pH high fungal disease potential UNDER 4.5 fungal infection is 100% probable High sap pH more insect damage potential

2. The Path to High Brix Foundation Parameters for Biological Function Electric Conductivity Energy available for plant growth Quantity and Mobility of ions cation & anion = electron mobility perfect to see overview of nutrients available to a crop Soil Electric Conductivity (EC) below 200 ergs / microsiemen insufficient energy for electrical-chemical reactions necessary for healthy growth over 1000 = too high Ideal 200-600 in soil over 2000 in plant sap

3. Soil TypeCEC 80 bu5 100 bu7 120 bu9 140 bu11 160 bu13 180 bu16 Corn YieldCEC Sandy3-5 Silt Loam10-15 Heavy20-25 The Path to High Brix Foundation Cation Exchange Capacity C.E.C. Measure of stored nutrients Ability to release nutrients to plants Soil potential for crop production “ capacity ” “ exchange ” “ cation ” = adsorption Parameters for Biological Function = electron donors = quantity of energy & nutrients

4. The Path to High Brix Foundation Base Saturation % exchangeable cations Potassium (K) Magnesium (Mg) Calcium (Ca) Sodium (Na) Hydrogen (H) X Parameters for Biological Function Potassium Magnesium Calcium Hydrogen 3-5% 12-15% 70-80% 0-5% 5-8% 25-40% 55-60% 0-10% ideal = 100% common + + + -

5. The Path to High Brix Foundation Parameters for Biological Function biologically available measured with LaMotte soil tests Conductivity 200 uS only microbiology can maintain these conditions Calcium / Magnesium : 7 / 1 broad-leaf vs. grasses 3000 lbs : 429 lbs Calcium / Phosphorus : 7 / 1 Growth: bud, root, flower, seed Bones: alkaline reserve Phosphorus / Potassium : 2 / 1 174 lbs : 167 lbs NH 4 / NO 3 40 lbs / 40 lbs Sodium / Potassium : 1 / 5 Major Mineral Balances

6. The Path to High Brix Foundation Parameters for Biological Function Geology Biology physical chemical organic habitat Organic Matter & Compost Humic Acids & Biochar Carbon / Nitrogen ratio Nitrogen fixation Bio-Inoculants Bacteria / Fungi ratio Soil Food Web MycorrhizaeEarthworms

7. Geology Parameters for Biological Function The Path to High Brix Foundation Biology

8. Parameters for Biological Function Energy Flow in Nature