1. Unit 5 – Chapter 11 – Lesson 1 Pages 426 - 432
Exploring the West
Unit 5 – Chapter 11 – Lesson 1
Pages

2. Objectives
Describe how early pioneers met the challenges of frontier life.
Explain why President Jefferson agreed to buy Louisiana.
Describe the expedition to explore the lands of the Louisiana Purchase.

3. Vocabulary Gap – a low place between mountains
Pioneer – an early settler of an area
Consequence – result of a specific action

4. Content Focus
In the 1700s and 1800s, many immigrants came to the United States. Some crossed over the Cumberland Gap to settle the frontier.

5. Immigrants and Pioneers
1700 – 1800s – Many immigrants
England
Ireland
Scotland
Germany

6. WHY? Escape hard times Escape war Escape religious persecution
Wanted money and land

7. HOW? Ships would land at major ports along Atlantic coast
New York – popular port for immigrants

8. WHERE?
Many wanted to go to frontier
WEST!

9. PROBLEM?
Appalachians
Large barrier that prevented easy westward movement

10. The Cumberland Gap Today located where TN, VA, KY meet
Native Americans had a trail over the Appalachians through the gap.

11. Daniel Boone Best known PIONEER to cross Appalachian
Hired to widen the gap
Built “The Wilderness Road”
Becomes main route to WEST
1792 – KY 15th state
1st state west of Appalachians

13. Why was Wilderness Road important?
It helped pioneers cross the Appalachian mountains – opening up the West.

14. Many Americans searched for a _____ to pass through Appalachian Mountains.
GAP

15. What was the first state West of the Appalachians?
Kentucky

16. Hardships The Wilderness Road was difficult No stores
Bring ALL supplies
Many wanted to go anyway
Why? East is over populated. Land west is cheaper and more available.

17. New States

18. State of Franklin Dispute in North Carolina
3 counties in west create own state
John Sevier – elected governor
N.C. soon took back control.

19. Tennessee (TN) 1796 – 16th state Sevier elected governor
Name comes from TANSAI = Cherokee Village
Admitted to Union

20. Ohio 1803 – 17th state Many settlers move in along the Ohio River area
45,000 people live there

21. Who was the first governor of Tennessee?
John Seiver

22. Cause & Effect The effect is many new states are formed.
Because more people moved west. . .

23. The
Louisiana
Purchase

24. Thomas Jefferson 1801 – 3rd President Goal = Expand Borders
Problem-U.S. no ports on Gulf of Mexico
Port of Orleans – owned by Spanish (remember French/Indian War?)

25. Big Purchase! 1801 – Spain gives France Louisiana back
U.S. Fear  France would build settlements and prevent Americans from moving west
Napoleon Bonaparte –Leader of France

26. Jefferson takes action
President Jefferson send officials to France
Request – U.S. wants to purchase New Orleans and Western Florida
This is just a small portion of Louisiana

27. France has problems! Going to war with Britian Short on money
Napoleon offers to sell ALL of Louisiana (800,000 square miles) for only $15 million

28. SOLD! April 30, 1803 the purchase is finalized
The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the U.S.

30. Why did France agree to sell Louisiana?
They needed money to fight a war against Britian

31. What agreement was made by Jefferson that doubled the size of the U.S.?
The Louisiana Purchase

32. Discovery

33. Lewis & Clark
Jefferson hires his friend Meriwether Lewis to led an expedition
Lewis asks his friend William Clark to come
Clark’s job = keep records & make maps
Jefferson’s task  Find most direct water route across continent

35. Corps of Discovery Team of 40 Called Corps of Discovery
York – slave owned by Clark is also on team
May 1804 – Leave St. Louis, MO
Travel by boat up Missouri River
Drew maps, gathered plants & animals

36. October Stop for winter Today North Dakota
Fort Mandan (Indian Village)
Hire French fur trader and Shoshone Indian wife, Sacagawea as guides

37. Spring 1805 Continue up Missouri river Reach the Rocky Mountains
Used horses to cross
After, built boats
Clearwater, Snake, and Columbia River

38. Success!
November 1805
Reach the Pacific Ocean
3,000 miles
1 ½ years

40. Winter Spent at Fort Clatsop Now in Oregon March 1806 – head back
September arrive in St. Louis, MO

42. Benefits MAPS  show mountain passes & major rivers
Brought back seeds, plants, and animals
The work done by Corps of Discovery added to the knowledge Americans had about the lands that became the WEST.

43. Pike Explores Zebulon Pike – 1806 SW area of purchase
Saw “Blue Mountain”
Now in Colorado – named Pikes Peak

44. Pike Problem Strayed into Spanish territory Arrested
After release – spread word of Spanish need for manufactured goods
Many traveled to SW to sell goods to Spanish

46. How did Louisiana Purchase affect the U.S.?
Doubled size
Extended border to Rocky Mountains
Led to exploration

47. What obstacle did Lewis & Clark find in their direct water route?
Rocky mountains

48. The End