1. Downtown Baton Rouge State Level Significance Ethnic Heritage First Louisiana Sit- Ins of Modern Civil Rights Movement - - 1960 Kress Building

2. . Kress Building, East Baton Rouge Parish

3. Reads as two stories Windows replaced; some openings boarded over Party wall, masonry construction Remodeled 1930s in Moderne style “L” shaped footprint Third Street Facade

4. Partly encircles Levy Building L-Shaped plan reflects growth & enlargement Reads as four stories Architectural features more restrained Windows also replaced Main Street Facade

5. Greensboro, North Carolina, February 1, 1960 The Sit-In Movement

6. Non-Violent Direct Action vs. Lengthy Court Cases

7. Well-behaved & non-violent no matter what

8. By end of February sit-ins in 15 cities in five states: North and South Carolina Tennessee Florida Virginia 100 cities by November 1960

9. Kress Department store Sitman’s Drug Store (lost) Greyhound Bus Station (lost) Baton Rouge Sit-Ins March 28, 1960

10. Seven Southern students peacefully challenge segregated lunch counter

11. Weapons Search of Protester Felton Valdry

12. Paddy wagon – jail transport – on the right

13. Janette Hoston Harris with her jail identification bracelet

14. Opposed sit- ins as threat to university... Expelled protesters Southern President Felton G. Clark

15. Southern students fill out withdrawal slips Withdraw or stay in school?

16. Scholars recognize as distinct and significant phase of Civil Rights Movement No more second class citizenship Inspired others to act via non-violent direct action Accelerated pace of social change New and younger class of black leaders Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee Led to court cases that helped overturn segregation Importance of Sit-Ins

17. U.S. Supreme Court... overturned convictions of students for disturbing the peace affirmed the principle that a licensed public business could not discriminate or operate in a segregated fashion. Garner vs. Louisiana December 1961 Thurgood Marshall & A. P. Tureaud

18. Exceptional Significance Only four years shy of 50 year threshold Civil Rights Movement is “period of time which can be logically examined together.”— Bulletin 22 Sit-In Movement and Baton Rouge Sit-Ins are subjects of scholarly study. Movement called “watershed in the history of black protest” in U.S.

19. Kress Building of Exceptional Significance to Louisiana and eligible for National Register