1. Nomenclature and Anatomy of Flowers

2. Flower Anatomy:

3. A complete flower has 4 parts present
sepals
petals
stamens
pistils

4. Sepal One of the outermost flower structures
Commonly small, green, leaflike structures
Collective word for sepals and petals is called perianth

5. Petals Usually conspicuously colored Collectively called the corolla
Normally positioned between sepals and inner flower parts

6. Stamens Threadlike extensions that stand upright from the perianth
Male reproductive parts of a flower
Consists of the anther and the filament

7. Pistils Female reproductive parts of a flower
Consists of the stigma, style, and ovary

8. Types of Flower Structure
Solitary
Inflorescence

9. Solitary Flowers Flowers that form singly on upright stalks
Ex: tulips, roses, daffodils

10. Inflorescence A flower that is made up of several florets
Flowers have a branching pattern from the main stem
The main stalk of an inflorescence is a peduncle, stalks that support the florets are called pedicels

11. Types of Inflorescence
Spike:
Has an elongated inflorescence on the main stem.
Ex: liatris, gladiolus

12. Types of Inflorescence
Raceme:
Similar to a spike except florets aren’t directly attached to the stem
Ex: delphinium

13. Types of Inflorescence
Corymb:
Has a flat top or slightly convex shape
Has main stem with pedicels of unequal length
Ex: yarrow

14. Types of Inflorescence
Cyme:
Broad and flat topped
Has divisions that arise below a terminal flower
Ex: Bird of Paradise

15. Types of Inflorescence
Umbel:
Flower cluster that is easily recognized
Simple umbel has single pedicelled flowers all arising from the top of the main stem. Ex: agapanthus
Compound umbel has secondary umbels arising from main stem. Ex: Queen Anne’s Lace

16. Types of Inflorescence
Spadix:
Thick flower spike surrounded by a conspicuous bract.
The spathe (bract) is often mistakenly identified as the flower
Ex: Anthurium

17. Types of Inflorescence
Catkin:
Slender , scaly-bracted inflorescence found on woody plants
Ex: Willow, alder, birch

18. Types of Inflorescence
Head Flower:
Short, dense cluster of flowers in a flat pattern
Ex: sunflowers

19. Leaf Parts
Three main leaf parts:
Blade
Petiole
Stipules

20. Three main leaf parts: Blade (the leaf itself)
Petiole (the leaf stalk that connects the leaf blade to the stem)
Stipules (the two appendages at the base of the petiole)
Any of these parts may be lacking. For example, when there is not a petiole, the leaf is sessile (attached directly to the stem).

21. Leaf Types
Leaf type will affect texture, style and form in a floral design.
Simple leaf: a leaf with a single blade
Compound leaf: a leaf with more than one blade (leaflets).
Leaflets are the smaller blades that make up a compound leaf and may be arranged in a variety of ways/
See page 135, Figure 9-21.
Draw and label the four leaves shown.

22. Leaf Vein Patterns Vein patterns in leaf blades are called venation
Types
parallel
palmate
pinnate
See page 136, Figure 9-22.

24. Leaf Vein Patterns Label the three types of leaf venation:
1. ____________
2. _____________
3. ____________
Name ______________

25. Leaf Shapes See page 137 Figure 9-24
Basic outline of the blade make up the shape of the leaf
Ex: oblong, linear, pelate, elliptic
Draw three different types of leaf shapes

26. Leaf Margins Page 137 Figure 9-25
Edge of the leaf blade is called a margin
The appearance of the margin can affect the texture of a design
Ex: entire, undulate, serrate, lobed
Draw three different types of leaf margins

27. Post-harvest Physiology & Metabolic Processes:
Please have your books open to pg 137
Background:
Once plant material is harvested, the plants are still metabolizing.
When flowers are cut, the supply of water and mineral nutrients for normal metabolic activity id temporarily cut off. And the flowers and foliage continue to lose water.
Unless the water loss is inhibited, wilting and loss of turgor will result.
Turgor (cell rigidity and firmness)

28. Water Uptake & Transport
Cut flowers need to drink water, which carries sugars and other compounds and helps keep flower parts turgid (firm).
Flower stems have a plumbing system called the xylem, which is made up of tiny vessels. The xylem is the water-conducting tissue that carries water up the stem, to the leaves, and to the flower.
Please draw figure 9-27 on page 139 and describe what is happening in the picture.
Phloem is another plumbing system, but it is the food-conducting tissue.

29. Transpiration Terms to Define: Page 139
Stomata
Relative humidity

30. Respiration Terms To Define: Page 139
Carbohydrates
Senescence
Ethylene