1. KEYS OF MACROINVERTEBRATES AT A FAMILY LEVEL Statiri X. & Lazaridou M. Lab. Of Zoology/School of Biology/A.U.Th. TRANSLATION FROM: Title: Rios de Bizkaia ( Bizkaia rivers) Edited by: Instituto de Estudios Territoriales de Bizkaia Authors: Enma Orive, Ana Rallo Coordinators : Miren Ibargutxi Erostarbe, Pedro Luis Emparanza Bereciartua Collaborators in the definition of the keys: Ana Basaguren, Emilio Martinez Hortal, Eugenio Rico Illustrations: Angel Dominguez

2. Class CRUSTACEA 3 first pairs of legs ending to a claw 2 first pairs of legs ending to a claw Body laterally flattened Body dorsoventrally flattened Order DECAPODA Order Eyes are attached to the body through a stalk Eyes without a stalk

3. Φύλο MOLLUSCA Shell consisting of one pieceShell consisting of two pieces Shell without coiling Shell coiled Apex inclined to the central axis Apex hooked to the right Small size, lower than 1cm Big size, more than 1cm Shell flat and disc-like, coiled in one plate Shell globe-like, not coiled in one plate Aperture of the shell great, occupying at least half of its size Aperture of the shell occupying 1/3 of its size With operculum Without operculum Shell sinistral or left handed. The aperture to the left Shell dextral or right handed. The aperture to the right Size more than 6mm that can be 15mm. Size lower or equal to 6mm. Apex rounded Apex sharp

4. adultsLarval stages Elongated stomatic appendages. 1 st pair of wings partially sclerotized. Stomatic appendages not elongated. 1 st pair of wings completely sclerotized. Simple eyesCompound eyes Animal with jointed legs. Animal without jointed legs. Abdomen with lateral segmented gills. A filamentous prolongation at the extreme of the abdomen Neither lateral gills attached to the abdomen nor a filamentous prolongation at the extreme of the abdomen Last abdominal segment with 2 hooks. Last abdominal segment without hooks or with 4 hooks. Tails or cerci extending from the last abdominal segment Last abdominal segment without cerci or tails Labium modified, forming a mask Stomatic appendages elongated Gills present on abdominal segments. Legs ending in one claw Abdomen without gills. Legs with 2 claws Class INSECTA

5. Gills feathery consisting of 2 branches. Gills held on the dorsal surface of the abdominal segments. Gills held on the lateral surfaces No feathery gills. Gills like a plate. Body dorsoventrally flattened Body not flattened dorsoventrally Gills of small size. Head triangular. Gills well developed. Head more wide than long Gills attached to the sides of the abdomen. Gills on the surface of the abdomen Gills with one or more filaments Gills without filaments 2 nd pair of gills modified to form covers All gills are visible Order ΕPHEMEROPTERA

6. Tarsus segments with increasing size (1<2<3) The 2 nd segment of tarsus has smaller size than the rest The 1 st and 2 nd segment of tarsus have the same size and are smaller than the 3 rd Order PLECOPTERA Larval wings extending at the side of the body. 3 rd pair of legs long, exceeding the abdomen’ s length. Larval wings parallel to the body. 3 rd pair of legs short not exceeding the abdomen’s length The tergites and sternites of the 8 th and the 9 th somites are united The tergites and sternites of the 8 th and the 9 th somites are separated by a membranous band Thorax without tufted gills Thorax with tufted gills Last segment of labial palps reduced and more narrow than the previous Last segment of labial palps slightly narrower than the previous

7. Head partially sclerotized Jaws in the same elongated axis of the body Jaws are in vertical position regarding the axis of the body 6 or more lobes surrounding the respiratory apertures 5 or less lobes surrounding the respiratory apertures Last abdominal segment extended Abdomen with various prolongations or not Kinetic appendages like pseudopods Kinetic appendages forming washers Anal prolongations smaller in size than the pseudopods Anal prolongations longer than the pseudopods 4 curved anal prolongations Respiratory case surrounded by lobes more or less fragmented Order DIPTERA

8. Head completely sclerotized 6 corporal segments behind the head 9 or more corporal segments behind the head Presence of one and only pseudopode Presence of 2 pseudopods Absence of pseudopods Pseudopod present on 1 st thoracic segment One anal pseudopod One thoracic and one anal pseudopod 2 abdominal pseudopods Head as long as wide Head twice longer than broad 12 corporal segments More than 15 corporal segments Order DIPTERA Thorax more wide than the abdomen Thorax as wide as the abdomen

9. Only the 1 st thoracic segment completely sclerotized. 2 nd and 3 rd segments are soft 1 st and 2 nd thoracic segments sclerotized, 3 rd soft 9 th abdominal segment with one dorsal sclerotized patch 9th abdominal segment without a sclerotized patch Strong anal hooks Small anal hooks. Some of them have sclerotized patches on the 2 nd and 3 rd thoracic segments Anal legs consisting of one segment Anal legs consisting of 2 segments 3 rd pair of legs long. Femur divided in two parts Femur of the 3 rd pair of legs not divided, consisting of one segment Lateral protuberances of 1 st abdominal segment compressed Protuberances of 1 st abdominal segment rounded. Claws of thoracic legs are longer or have the same size as tarsus Claws of thoracic legs are short Order TRICHOPTERA

10. 1 st and 2 nd thoracic segment completely sclerotized. 3 rd thoracic segment with sclerotized patches All 3 thoracic segments completely sclerotized Absence of protuberances on 1 st abdominal segment Presence of protuberances on 1 st abdominal segment 2 lateral protuberances. Absence of dorsal protuberance 1 st abdominal segment with 3 lateral protuberances (1 dorsal & 2 laterals 2 nd thoracic segment consisting of various sclerotized patches 2 nd thoracic segment consisting of 2 sclerotized patches Presence of gills on thorax and abdomen Absence of ventral gills Abdomen wider than head and thorax. Anal legs short consisting of one segment Abdomen cylindrical. Anal legs long 3 rd thoracic segment consisting of two big transverse patches 3 rd thoracic segment with 2 or more small patches in different position. Order TRICHOPTERA

11. Body wide. Abdomen ending in 5 short fully sclerotized appendages. Body narrow. Abdomen ending in 3 long branchial laminas Mask flat without filaments Mask hollow with filaments Antennas with 4 articles Antennas with 7 articles Back legs shorter than the length of the abdomen Back legs longer than the length of the abdomen 1 st article of the antennas has the same size or is longer than the rest. prementon with an elongated aperture 1 st article of the antennas smaller than the rest. prementon without an elongated aperture prementon with an incision in the center prementon without an incision in the center prementon with 4 filaments. Branchial laminas ending in a threadlike apex prementon with 6 filaments at least. Branchial laminas without a threadlike apex Cerci longer than the branchial laminas Cerci shorter than the branchial laminas Order ODONATA

12. Legs with 1 claw 9 abdominal segments 8 abdominal segments Head visible Head not visible Last abdominal segment with gills that are retiring to an operculum Last segment without gills Long antennas. Body compressed Short antennas. Body not compressed Legs with 2 claws. Last abdominal segment with 2 cerci Order COLEOPTERA (larvas) Legs with 5 articles Legs with 4 articles Last abdominal segment with 4 hooks Last abdominal segment without hooks

13. Metacoxas united together. Their hind part exceeds the 1st visible sternite Metacoxas not united. Their hind part does not exceed the 1 st visible sternite Short and strong antennas. Middle and back legs forming sculls. Eyes divided in two parts Long antennas. Normal legs, 3 rd pair of legs with long filaments. Eyes not divided. Antennas with 10 parts. Broad metacoxal plates covering part of the femurs of the 3 rd pair of legs Antennas with 11 parts. Metacoxal plates narrow, do not cover part of the femurs of the 3 rd pair of legs Labial palps of the same size or bigger than the antennas Labial palps shorter than the antennas Short antennas like a club Short and thin antennas Hind part of the pronotum broader than the front one Hind part of the pronotum not broader than the front Elytrons truncated at the hind part of the body Elytrons not truncated Pronotum with 5 elongated lines Pronotum without elongated lines Τάξη COLEOPTERA Ενήλικα υδρόβια άτομα

14. Antennas longer than the headAntennas not longer than the head Head narrow and long Head normal Antennas with 4 articles Antennas with 5 articles Femurs of 2 nd and 3 rd pair of legs long, longer than the abdomen Femurs of 2 nd and 3 rd pair of legs not longer than the abdomen Tibia without hooks. Color brown-black Tibia with hooks. Color green-yellow Triangular structure behind of the pronotum visible Triangular structure behind of the pronotum not visible Abdomen with a long respiratory siphon Abdomen without a respiratory siphon Body compressed Body not compressed Size < 3mm. Hind legs short Size > 5mm. Hind legs long. Τάξη HETEROPTERA