1. The Odyssey

2. Reviewing Books 1-10
Essential Question: What makes us human beings?

3. Xenia
a set of rules and customs that defined the guest-host relationship between two Individuals How does Alkinoos compare to Nestor?

4. Book 7 Disguises and Deception
What is the significance of the transfiguration of Athena into a small girl who guides Odysseus to Alkinoos' palace? Consider the disguises thus far: Mentes Mentor Ipthime Nausikaa's maid Small girl with water jug: Nausikaa warns Odysseus about the xeniaphobic nature of the Phaeacians. The small girl is naïve, innocent, harmless etc.
Trusted Figures

5. Poseidon and the Phaeacians
What does the fog that surrounds Odysseus as he walks through the city suggest? The fog suggests that Athene is protecting Odysseus, yet she did not have to protect Telemachus as a stranger in Pylos or Sparta. Who is Athene protecting Odysseus from? Why?

6. A Cunning Character
Odysseus' behavior in this episode- Is he proud? humble? How does he act toward the Queen Arete Odysseus identifies himself as a supplicant, a person begging humbly and earnestly How earnest and humble can he be if he lies? *Nausicaa’s advice to travel to the palace unattended,

7. And Yet More Cunning
What does Alkinoos' offer to give Odysseus the princess Nausikaa as his bride suggest? Successful Deception *Nausicaa requests the mules from her father *Odysseus claims he did not travel with Nausicaa out of consideration for the father (l ).

8. Some Important Points
Both Arete and Alkinoos are descendants of Poseidon (therefore, their great navigation abilities (without oars)
Odysseus’ initial treatment upon arrival on the island, in the palace (location)
The nearby Cyclops , who once lived in unison with the Phaeacians (l. 206)

9. Book 8
1Why is the figure of the poet/singer Demodokos important? What or who does he represent?
Identity
Quarrel between Odysseus and Achilles. It reminds
Odysseus about his Trojan past
Causes Odysseus to reflect:
Co-habitation on Ogygia with Calypso
Penelope in Ithica without a husband for 20 years

10. 2. Why does Odysseus deny the athletic challenge? What causes this ?

11. 3. How do the gods react to the revelation of the adultery?

12. Why is Poseidon's reaction to the event different from the other gods'?
This may hint that Poseidon knows it is important to forgive and perhaps will forgive Odysseus one day -- as he in fact will