1. Physical Boot Camp
5.5D
Identify changes that can occur in the physical properties of the ingredients of solutions such as dissolving salt in water or adding lemon juice to water.

2. STAAR 2013 #40; RC1; Supporting 1
STAAR 2013 #40; RC1; Supporting 1. A worker built a sidewalk and pressed some large salt particles into the concrete while it was still wet. When the concrete was dry, the worker washed the sidewalk with the water. The picture below shoes the sidewalk after it was washed: What most likely happened to the salt? F. It evaporated into a gas G. It turned into concrete H. It dissolved in the water J. It turned into a solid

3. STAAR 2013 #40; RC1; Supporting 1
STAAR 2013 #40; RC1; Supporting 1. A worker built a sidewalk and pressed some large salt particles into the concrete while it was still wet. When the concrete was dry, the worker washed the sidewalk with the water. The picture below shoes the sidewalk after it was washed: What most likely happened to the salt? F. It evaporated into a gas G. It turned into concrete H. It dissolved in the water J. It turned into a solid

4. A The sugar cube will not change. B More water will be formed.
2004 TAKS Information Booklet, #10
2. A student places a sugar cube in a beaker of water. What change will occur?
A The sugar cube will not change.
B More water will be formed.
C The sugar cube will become smaller.
D The water will form crystals.

5. A The sugar cube will not change. B More water will be formed.
2004 TAKS Information Booklet, #10
2. A student places a sugar cube in a beaker of water. What change will occur?
A The sugar cube will not change.
B More water will be formed.
C The sugar cube will become smaller.
D The water will form crystals.

6. 3.

7. 3.

8. 4. River water is a solution because it —
TAKS Study Guide, #34
4. River water is a solution because it —
A is a liquid, which has no definite shape
B contains dissolved minerals and salts
C carries sand, clay, and other sediment
D is a compound made up of two elements

9. 4. River water is a solution because it —
TAKS Study Guide, #34
4. River water is a solution because it —
A is a liquid, which has no definite shape
B contains dissolved minerals and salts
C carries sand, clay, and other sediment
D is a compound made up of two elements

10. 5.

11. 5.

12. 6.

13. 6.

14. A The amount of water will increase. B The salt will float to the top.
2006—#27 (86%)
7. A teaspoon of clean, dry sand is added to a cup of warm saltwater. What is most likely to happen after the mixture is stirred and then placed on a table for five minutes?
A The amount of water will increase.
B The salt will float to the top.
C The sand will settle to the bottom.
D The cup will heat up.

15. A The amount of water will increase. B The salt will float to the top.
2006—#27 (86%)
7. A teaspoon of clean, dry sand is added to a cup of warm saltwater. What is most likely to happen after the mixture is stirred and then placed on a table for five minutes?
A The amount of water will increase.
B The salt will float to the top.
C The sand will settle to the bottom.
D The cup will heat up.

16. B Evaporating the water C Adding more water D Adding more sugar
2009—#9 (89%)
8. Which process will separate the sugar from mixture of sugar and water?
A Stirring the mixture
B Evaporating the water
C Adding more water
D Adding more sugar

17. B Evaporating the water C Adding more water D Adding more sugar
2009—#9 (89%)
8. Which process will separate the sugar from mixture of sugar and water?
A Stirring the mixture
B Evaporating the water
C Adding more water
D Adding more sugar

18. A The sugar seems to disappear in the water.
2010—#1
9. Which of the following is the best evidence that sugar has dissolved in water?
A The sugar seems to disappear in the water.
B The water temperature increases.
C Some sugar turns into crystals.
D Some bubbles form in the water.

19. A The sugar seems to disappear in the water.
2010—#1
9. Which of the following is the best evidence that sugar has dissolved in water?
A The sugar seems to disappear in the water.
B The water temperature increases.
C Some sugar turns into crystals.
D Some bubbles form in the water.

20. 10.

21. 10.

22. 11. If purple drink mix is added to water, what change will occur to the water?
A The drink mix will cause the water to freeze.
B The water will totally disappear.
C The drink mix will heat the water.
D The water will change color.

23. 11. If purple drink mix is added to water, what change will occur to the water?
A The drink mix will cause the water to freeze.
B The water will totally disappear.
C The drink mix will heat the water.
D The water will change color.

24. 12. A science class mixed a white powder and a clear liquid together in a test tube. The mixture foamed up and flowed over the top of the test tube. What are the two substances MOST likely to be?
A salt and water
B Salt and vinegar
C Baking soda and water
D Baking soda and vinegar

25. 12. A science class mixed a white powder and a clear liquid together in a test tube. The mixture foamed up and flowed over the top of the test tube. What are the two substances MOST likely to be?
A salt and water
B Salt and vinegar
C Baking soda and water
D Baking soda and vinegar

26. 13.

27. 13.

28. 14. When sugar seems to disappear in water, it really—
A dissolves
B condenses
C evaporates
D precipitates

29. 14. When sugar seems to disappear in water, it really—
A dissolves
B condenses
C evaporates
D precipitates

30. 15. A tablespoon of sugar is poured into a beaker of warm water and stirred briefly. What change will occur?
A The sugar will soak up the water.
B The water will change colors.
C The sugar will sink to the bottom.
D The sugar will dissolve in the water.

31. 15. A tablespoon of sugar is poured into a beaker of warm water and stirred briefly. What change will occur?
A The sugar will soak up the water.
B The water will change colors.
C The sugar will sink to the bottom.
D The sugar will dissolve in the water.

32. 16. Which of the following is the best example of the process of dissolving?
A Mixing chocolate powder in a glass of milk
B Pouring sand into a beaker of warm water
C Shaking a bottle of Italian salad dressing
D Pouring milk into a cup of hot coffee

33. 16. Which of the following is the best example of the process of dissolving?
A Mixing chocolate powder in a glass of milk
B Pouring sand into a beaker of warm water
C Shaking a bottle of Italian salad dressing
D Pouring milk into a cup of hot coffee

34. 17. What happens to sugar particles as they dissolve in water?
A The hot water changes the sugar into a new kind of water.
B The sugar particles melt very quickly in the hot water.
C The sugar particles spread out and fill in spaces in the water.
D The sugar particles are changed into a different kind of matter.

35. 17. What happens to sugar particles as they dissolve in water?
A The hot water changes the sugar into a new kind of water.
B The sugar particles melt very quickly in the hot water.
C The sugar particles spread out and fill in spaces in the water.
D The sugar particles are changed into a different kind of matter.

36. 18. Which mixture below is also a solution?
A Water and hot chocolate mix
B Soil and rocks
C Trail mix
D Tossed salad (no dressing)

37. 18. Which mixture below is also a solution?
A Water and hot chocolate mix
B Soil and rocks
C Trail mix
D Tossed salad (no dressing)

38. 19. What property of chocolate powder does not change when it dissolves in milk?
A Shape
B Size
C Texture
D Taste

39. 19. What property of chocolate powder does not change when it dissolves in milk?
A Shape
B Size
C Texture
D Taste

40. 20. When one teaspoon of sugar is mixed into 40 mL of very hot water, what will probably happen to the sugar?
A The sugar will dissolve into the water.
B The sugar will float on top of the water.
C The sugar will float away with the steam from the water.
D The sugar and the water will settle into layers.

41. 20. When one teaspoon of sugar is mixed into 40 mL of very hot water, what will probably happen to the sugar?
A The sugar will dissolve into the water.
B The sugar will float on top of the water.
C The sugar will float away with the steam from the water.
D The sugar and the water will settle into layers.

42. 21.

43. 21.

44. 22. A suspension is a special kind of mixture
22. A suspension is a special kind of mixture. In a suspension, particles of a solid are suspended in a liquid and will not dissolve. The particles are large enough to be seen and the suspension appears cloudy. If the particles settle to the bottom, shaking and stirring will suspend the particles again. Which of the following is a suspension?
A Kool-Aid® mixed with water
B Spices in vinegar and oil (salad dressing)
C Chocolate powder stirred into a glass of milk
D Milk stirred into a cup of hot coffee

45. 22. A suspension is a special kind of mixture
22. A suspension is a special kind of mixture. In a suspension, particles of a solid are suspended in a liquid and will not dissolve. The particles are large enough to be seen and the suspension appears cloudy. If the particles settle to the bottom, shaking and stirring will suspend the particles again. Which of the following is a suspension?
A Kool-Aid® mixed with water
B Spices in vinegar and oil (salad dressing)
C Chocolate powder stirred into a glass of milk
D Milk stirred into a cup of hot coffee

46. 23. When the ingredients for a chocolate cake are being mixed, the cake batter is like a thick, brown soup. Which physical property of the cake is the SAME after the batter is baked?
A Color
B Size
C Shape
D Texture

47. 23. When the ingredients for a chocolate cake are being mixed, the cake batter is like a thick, brown soup. Which physical property of the cake is the SAME after the batter is baked?
A Color
B Size
C Shape
D Texture

48. 24. Large deposits of salt are often found in deserts
24. Large deposits of salt are often found in deserts. For this salt to be usable, it must be separated from sand. If an engineer were designing a process to separate salt from sand, which of these differences would be the MOST useful?
A Salt and sand are different colors.
B Salt dissolves in water, but sand does not.
C Grains of sand are harder than grains of salt.
D Grains of salt and grains of sand have different shapes.

49. 24. Large deposits of salt are often found in deserts
24. Large deposits of salt are often found in deserts. For this salt to be usable, it must be separated from sand. If an engineer were designing a process to separate salt from sand, which of these differences would be the MOST useful?
A Salt and sand are different colors.
B Salt dissolves in water, but sand does not.
C Grains of sand are harder than grains of salt.
D Grains of salt and grains of sand have different shapes.

50. 25. What process results from the spreading of sugar particles throughout water?
A Mixing
B Melting
C Dissolving
D Distributing

51. 25. What process results from the spreading of sugar particles throughout water?
A Mixing
B Melting
C Dissolving
D Distributing

52. 26.

53. 26.

54. A Sugar water tastes sweet. B Saltwater tastes salty.
27. Which property of a solution below is the same as the properties of its ingredients?
A Sugar water tastes sweet.
B Saltwater tastes salty.
C Sugar water is a liquid.
D Air is a gas.

55. A Sugar water tastes sweet. B Saltwater tastes salty.
27. Which property of a solution below is the same as the properties of its ingredients?
A Sugar water tastes sweet.
B Saltwater tastes salty.
C Sugar water is a liquid.
D Air is a gas.

56. 28. Which property of a sugar cube does not change when it dissolves?
A Color
B Taste
C Shape
D Texture

57. 28. Which property of a sugar cube does not change when it dissolves?
A Color
B Taste
C Shape
D Texture

58. 29. A student places a cube of sugar in a cup of hot tea and stirs the tea with a spoon. What change will occur?
A The tea will change temperature and get hotter.
B The sugar cube will dissolve and get smaller.
C The sugar cube and the tea will not change.
D The tea will dissolve in the sugar cube.

59. 29. A student places a cube of sugar in a cup of hot tea and stirs the tea with a spoon. What change will occur?
A The tea will change temperature and get hotter.
B The sugar cube will dissolve and get smaller.
C The sugar cube and the tea will not change.
D The tea will dissolve in the sugar cube.

60. 30.

61. 30.

62. 31.

63. 31.

64. 32.

65. 32.

66. 33. A student mixed together 100 mL of warm water, 10 mL of salt, and 10 mL of paper clips in a large beaker. He left the beaker sitting on the table for next to a window for 2 weeks. What was left in the beaker after the two weeks?
A Only the salt
B Some water and the salt
C The salt and the paper clips
D Some water and the paper clips

67. 33. A student mixed together 100 mL of warm water, 10 mL of salt, and 10 mL of paper clips in a large beaker. He left the beaker sitting on the table for next to a window for 2 weeks. What was left in the beaker after the two weeks?
A Only the salt
B Some water and the salt
C The salt and the paper clips
D Some water and the paper clips

68. 34. When 5 grams of salt is added to 100 mL of water, which of the following changes will occur?
A The salt will float.
B The water will crystallize.
C The salt will dissolve.
D The water will freeze.

69. 34. When 5 grams of salt is added to 100 mL of water, which of the following changes will occur?
A The salt will float.
B The water will crystallize.
C The salt will dissolve.
D The water will freeze.

70. A The sugar will dissolve, but the sand will not.
35. Which statement BEST describes what happens if Jonathan stirs a spoonful of sand and a spoonful of sugar into a tall glass of warm water?
A The sugar will dissolve, but the sand will not.
B Some of the sand and some of the sugar will dissolve.
C All of the sand and all of the sugar will dissolve.
D None of the sugar and none of the sand will dissolve.

71. A The sugar will dissolve, but the sand will not.
35. Which statement BEST describes what happens if Jonathan stirs a spoonful of sand and a spoonful of sugar into a tall glass of warm water?
A The sugar will dissolve, but the sand will not.
B Some of the sand and some of the sugar will dissolve.
C All of the sand and all of the sugar will dissolve.
D None of the sugar and none of the sand will dissolve.

72. 36. Which statement about solutions is correct. A
36. Which statement about solutions is correct? A. All solutions contain more than two substances. B. A solution can only be created from liquids. C. All mixtures are solutions. D. All solutions are mixtures.
M.S. ?’s

73. 36. Which statement about solutions is correct. A
36. Which statement about solutions is correct? A. All solutions contain more than two substances. (2 or more) B. A solution can only be created from liquids. C. All mixtures are solutions. D. All solutions are mixtures.

74. 37. Students were preparing an experiment to determine the differences between a mixture and a solution. Before the experiment started, one student said, “I think the chicken broth is a solution.” This statement was an example of— A. a conclusion B. an observation C. an inference D. a hypothesis

75. 37. Students were preparing an experiment to determine the differences between a mixture and a solution. Before the experiment started, one student said, “I think the chicken broth is a solution.” This statement was an example of— A. a conclusion B. an observation C. an inference D. a hypothesis

76. 38. Salt crystals + water = solution
38. Salt crystals + water = solution. What happened to the salt and water? A. They combined physically to form a special mixture. B. The salt and water evaporated. C. The salt and water separated, forming layers. D. The salt melted the water.

77. 38. Salt crystals + water = solution
38. Salt crystals + water = solution. What happened to the salt and water? A. They combined physically to form a special mixture. B. The salt and water evaporated. C. The salt and water separated, forming layers. D. The salt melted the water.

78. 39. A student dissolves 20 grams of salt in a pan of 200 milliliters of water. The student places the pan over a hot stove. How much salt is left after all the water evaporates? A. There is no salt left because it evaporated with the water. B. 20 grams of salt is left after all the water evaporates. C. 10 grams of salt evaporates, leaving 10 grams in the pan. D. Neither the salt nor the water evaporates.

79. 39. A student dissolves 20 grams of salt in a pan of 200 milliliters of water. The student places the pan over a hot stove. How much salt is left after all the water evaporates? A. There is no salt left because it evaporated with the water. B. 20 grams of salt is left after all the water evaporates. C. 10 grams of salt evaporates, leaving 10 grams in the pan. D. Neither the salt nor the water evaporates.

80. 40. A student makes a drink stirring lemon juice and sugar into a glass of water. Why is this drink considered a solution? A. The lemon juice and sugar change the taste of the water. B. The water changes the color. C. The lemon juice and sugar dissolve in the water. D. The student stirs the mixture.

81. 40. A student makes a drink stirring lemon juice and sugar into a glass of water. Why is this drink considered a solution? A. The lemon juice and sugar change the taste of the water. B. The water changes the color. C. The lemon juice and sugar dissolve in the water. D. The student stirs the mixture.

82. 41. A beaker contains a mixture of salt, sand, gravel, and iron fillings. Which substance is soluble in water? A. salt B. sand C. iron fillings D. gravel

83. 41. A beaker contains a mixture of salt, sand, gravel, and iron fillings. Which substance is soluble in water? A. salt B. sand C. iron fillings D. gravel

84. 42. What causes sugar to dissolve faster in hot water than in cold water? A. Cold water takes up less space than hot water. B. Cold water has faster moving particles than hot water. C. Hot water has faster moving particles than cold water. D. Hot water takes up more space than cold water.

85. 42. What causes sugar to dissolve faster in hot water than in cold water? A. Cold water takes up less space than hot water. B. Cold water has faster moving particles than hot water. C. Hot water has faster moving particles than cold water. D. Hot water takes up more space than cold water.

86. 43. Which of the following has the greatest effect on the ability of a substance to dissolve in water? A. color B. volume C. buoyancy D. solubility

87. 43. Which of the following has the greatest effect on the ability of a substance to dissolve in water? A. color B. volume C. buoyancy D. solubility

88. 44. Students are classifying substances
44. Students are classifying substances. Which of the following substances is a solution? A. sand and water B. sugar and water C. spaghetti and meatballs D. soil and water

89. 44. Students are classifying substances
44. Students are classifying substances. Which of the following substances is a solution? A. sand and water B. sugar and water C. spaghetti and meatballs D. soil and water

90. 45. During an experiment in class, several students made statements about solutions. Which statement made is NOT true? A. When sugar dissolves in water, the sugar is evenly distributed throughout the solution. B. Solutions can be classified as mixtures. C. Heating the water first causes salt to dissolve quicker. D. When salt is dissolved in water, parts of the solution taste saltier than others.

91. 45. During an experiment in class, several students made statements about solutions. Which statement made is NOT true? A. When sugar dissolves in water, the sugar is evenly distributed throughout the solution. B. Solutions can be classified as mixtures. C. Heating the water first causes salt to dissolve quicker. D. When salt is dissolved in water, parts of the solution taste saltier than others.

92. 46. Students experimented with different substances to determine which were soluble. The ingredients included lemon juice, sand, salt, and sugar. After repeated tests of each substance, the students concluded all of the following have the ability to dissolve EXCEPT— A. lemon juice B. sand C. salt D. sugar

93. 46. Students experimented with different substances to determine which were soluble. The ingredients included lemon juice, sand, salt, and sugar. After repeated tests of each substance, the students concluded all of the following have the ability to dissolve EXCEPT— A. lemon juice B. sand C. salt D. sugar

94. 47. Which of the following pieces of equipment should be used to separate saltwater? A. hot plate B. magnet C. pan balance D. filter

95. 47. Which of the following pieces of equipment should be used to separate saltwater? A. hot plate (to evaporate) B. magnet C. pan balance D. filter

96. 48. Based on the information in the table, which substances could be sugar? A. 1 & 2 B. 2 & 4 C. 1 & 3 D. 2 & 3
Substance
Physical Properties
Soluble? 1
Solid, sweet, grainy
Yes 2
Solid, grainy, mineral No 3
Solid, white, grainy 4
Liquid, sour, colorless

97. 48. Based on the information in the table, which substances could be sugar? A. 1 & 2 B. 2 & 4 C. 1 & 3 D. 2 & 3
Substance
Physical Properties
Soluble? 1
Solid, sweet, grainy
Yes 2
Solid, grainy, mineral No 3
Solid, white, grainy 4
Liquid, sour, colorless

98. 49. What is one advantage of using repeated investigations to determine the solubility of lemon juice, sand, salt, and sugar? A. To decrease the reliability of results. B. To increase the reliability of results. C. To organize collection of data. D. To formulate testable hypotheses.

99. 49. What is one advantage of using repeated investigations to determine the solubility of lemon juice, sand, salt, and sugar? A. To decrease the reliability of results. B. To increase the reliability of results. C. To organize collection of data. D. To formulate testable hypotheses.

100. 50. After creating a solution of sugar water, students were instructed to clean their work areas and dispose of all materials properly. Which student made the best choice in disposing of a solution? A. Student A threw the solution in the trash can. B. Student B drank the solution. C. Student C poured the solution down the drain and rinsed the sink. D. Student D left the solution and materials on the table.

101. 50. After creating a solution of sugar water, students were instructed to clean their work areas and dispose of all materials properly. Which student made the best choice in disposing of a solution? A. Student A threw the solution in the trash can. B. Student B drank the solution. C. Student C poured the solution down the drain and rinsed the sink. D. Student D left the solution and materials on the table.

102. 51. In science class, students are combining materials to create solutions. In one experiment students add 250 milliliters of hot water to 25 milliliters sugar and record the time it takes the sugar to dissolve. Then, they add 250 milliliters room temperature water to 25 milliliters sugar and record the time it takes to dissolve. What is the variable in this experiment? A. the amount of sugar used B. the amount of water used C. the temperature of the water D. the time of day the students are performing the experiment

103. 51. In science class, students are combining materials to create solutions. In one experiment students add 250 milliliters of hot water to 25 milliliters sugar and record the time it takes the sugar to dissolve. Then, they add 250 milliliters room temperature water to 25 milliliters sugar and record the time it takes to dissolve. What is the variable in this experiment? A. the amount of sugar used B. the amount of water used C. the temperature of the water D. the time of day the students are performing the experiment

104. 52. Students are mixing an unknown solution
52. Students are mixing an unknown solution. The teacher told them to follow lab safety rules. The following practices should be observed EXCEPT— A. tasting the solution B. wafting the air to smell the solution C. mixing the ingredients as directed by the teacher D. wearing protective equipment

105. 52. Students are mixing an unknown solution
52. Students are mixing an unknown solution. The teacher told them to follow lab safety rules. The following practices should be observed EXCEPT— A. tasting the solution B. wafting the air to smell the solution C. mixing the ingredients as directed by the teacher D. wearing protective equipment

106. 53. In an experiment, sand and sugar are mixed together in equal parts: Hypothesis: The sand cannot be separated from the sugar. Procedure: Pour mixture into a beaker. Add water to dissolve sugar. Filter mixture to remove sand. Evaporate the remaining liquid. Observe the remaining substance using a microscope. Observation: The substance observed under the microscope is sugar. Which conclusion can be made based on the information from the experiment? A. The hypothesis was proven correct because the sugar was not visible under the microscope. B. The hypothesis was proven incorrect because the sand and sugar mixture was separated by filter and evaporation. C. They hypothesis was proven correct because the sand and sugar mixture could not be separated. D. The hypothesis was proven incorrect because the sugar was dissolved in the water.

107. 53. In an experiment, sand and sugar are mixed together in equal parts: Hypothesis: The sand cannot be separated from the sugar. Procedure: Pour mixture into a beaker. Add water to dissolve sugar. Filter mixture to remove sand. Evaporate the remaining liquid. Observe the remaining substance using a microscope. Observation: The substance observed under the microscope is sugar. Which conclusion can be made based on the information from the experiment? A. The hypothesis was proven correct because the sugar was not visible under the microscope. B. The hypothesis was proven incorrect because the sand and sugar mixture was separated by filter and evaporation. C. They hypothesis was proven correct because the sand and sugar mixture could not be separated. D. The hypothesis was proven incorrect because the sugar was dissolved in the water.