1. The Extraordinary Properties of Water
Animated floating bubbles
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the bubble shape effects on this slide, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
Select the circle (oval shape). On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box in the left pane, click Fill. In the Fill pane, click Gradient fill, and then do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Basic Shapes select Oval (second option from the left). Press and hold SHIFT, and then click and drag to draw a circle shape.
Click the button next to Direction and select From Bottom Right Corner (first option from the left).
In the Type box, select Radial.
Click the button next to Preset Colors and select Calm Water (second row, third option from the left).
Also in the Format Shape pane, in the left pane, click Line Color. In the Line Color pane, click Gradient Line, and then do the following:
In the Angle box, enter 90.
In the Type box select Linear.
Also in the Format Shape pane, in the left pane, click 3-D Format and then in the 3-D Format pane, do the following:
Next to Top, in the Width box, enter 50 pt, and in the Height box, enter 50 pt.
Under Bevel, click the button next to Top and select Circle (first option from the left).
In the Angle box, enter 110°.
Click the button next to Lighting, and then under Special, select Glow (third option from the left).
Under Surface, click the button next to Material, and then under Translucent, select Clear.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
On the slide select the oval. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Appear.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then click More Motion Paths. In the Add Motion Path dialog box, under Lines & Curves, click S Curve 1, and then click OK.
On the slide, select the animation path. Click and drag the green rotation handle to the right to rotate the path until the right side of the path faces the bottom right corner of the slide. Click and drag the right side handle to lengthen the path until it extends about one inch off the bottom right edge of the slide. Click and drag the left side handle to lengthen the path until it extends about one inch off the top left edge of the slide.
On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Duration box, enter 8.
On the slide select the oval. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Emphasis click Grow/Shrink.
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click Edit Points. Click and drag the edit points and curve handles to make the path a smooth S-shaped curve from the bottom right to top left.
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click Reverse Path Direction.
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click Larger.
On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Delay box, enter 6.
On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Duration box, enter 0.1.
On the slide select the oval. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Exit click Fade.
To create the second bubble on this slide, do the following:
Select the bubble. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate.
On the Animation tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Animation Pane.
Drag the bubble to a different part of the slide.
Select the new bubble. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the sizing handle to resize the shape.
In the Animation Pane, select the S Curve 1 effect for the second oval. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Delay box, enter 1.4.
In the Animation Pane, select the Appear effect for the second oval. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Delay box, enter 1.4.
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click Edit Points. Click and drag the edit points and curve handles to make the path of the second oval different from the first one.
In the Animation Pane, select the Fade effect for the second oval. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Delay box, enter 7.
In the Animation Pane, select the Grow/Shrink effect for the second oval. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Delay box, enter 7.
Note: You can save the background of this slide template as a picture and use it in your own slides. To use the same background as this slide, do the following:
To reproduce the background on this slide, do one of the following:
Save the file as a JPEG (.jpg) file format.
Right-click the water background on the original template, and then click Save Background.
In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert.
On the Design tab, in the Background group, click Background Styles, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Picture fill in the Fill pane, and then under Insert from click File.

2. The Extraordinary Properties of Water

3. Water is Polar O atom attracts more than its "fair share" of electrons
The oxygen end “acts” negative
The hydrogen end “acts” positive
Causes the water to be POLAR
Water is neutral (equal number of e- and p+) --- Zero Net Charge

4. Hydrogen Bonds Exist Between Water Molecules
Formed between a highly Electronegative atom of a polar molecule and a Hydrogen
One hydrogen bond is weak , but many hydrogen bonds are strong

5. Interaction Between Water Molecules
Negative Oxygen end of one water molecule is attracted to the Positive Hydrogen end of another water molecule to form a HYDROGEN BOND

6. What are the Properties of Water?1

7. Properties of Water
At sea level, pure water boils at 100 °C and freezes at 0 °C.
The boiling temperature of water decreases at higher elevations (lower atmospheric pressure).
For this reason, an egg will take longer to boil at higher altitudes 1

8. Properties of Water Cohesion Adhesion High Specific Heat
High Heat of Vaporization
Less Dense as a Solid 1

9. Cohesion
Attraction between particles of the same substance ( why water is attracted to itself)
Results in Surface tension (a measure of the strength of water’s surface)
Produces a surface film on water that allows insects to walk on the surface of water 1

10. Helps insects walk across water
Cohesion …
Helps insects walk across water

11. Adhesion Attraction between two different substances.
Water will make hydrogen bonds with other surfaces such as glass, soil, plant tissues, and cotton.
Capillary action-water molecules will “tow” each other along when in a thin glass tube.
Example: transpiration process which plants and trees remove water from the soil, and paper towels soak up water. 1

12. Adhesion Causes Capillary Action
Which gives water the ability to “climb” structures

13. Adhesion Also Causes Water to …
Attach to a silken spider web
Form spheres & hold onto plant leaves

14. High Specific Heat
Amount of heat needed to raise or lower 1g of a substance 1° C.
Water resists temperature change, both for heating and cooling.
Water can absorb or release large amounts of heat energy with little change in actual temperature. 1

15. High Heat of Vaporization
Amount of energy to convert 1g or a substance from a liquid to a gas
In order for water to evaporate, hydrogen bonds must be broken.
As water evaporates, it removes a lot of heat with it. 1

16. High Heat of Vaporization
Water's heat of vaporization is 540 cal/g.
In order for water to evaporate, each gram must GAIN 540 calories (temperature doesn’t change oC).
As water evaporates, it removes a lot of heat with it (cooling effect). 1

17. Heat radiated from the sun warmed surface of the earth is
Water vapor forms a kind of global ‘‘blanket” which helps to keep the Earth warm.
Heat radiated from the sun warmed surface of the earth is
absorbed and held
by the vapor. 1

18. Water is Less Dense as a Solid
Ice is less dense as a solid than as a liquid (ice floats)
Liquid water has hydrogen bonds that are constantly being broken and reformed.
Frozen water forms a crystal-like lattice whereby molecules are set at fixed distances. 1

19. Water is Less Dense as a Solid
Which is ice and which is water? 1

20. Water is Less Dense as a Solid
Ice 1

21. Homeostasis
Ability to maintain a steady state despite changing conditions
Water is important to this process because:
a. Makes a good insulator
b. Resists temperature change
c. Universal solvent
d. Coolant
e. Ice protects against temperature extremes (insulates frozen lakes) 4

22. Solutions & Suspensions
Water is usually part of a mixture.
There are two types of mixtures:
Solutions
Suspensions

23. Solution Ionic compounds disperse as ions in water Evenly distributed
SOLUTE
Substance that is being dissolved
SOLVENT
Substance into which the solute dissolves

24. Solution

25. Suspensions
Substances that don’t dissolve but separate into tiny pieces.
Water keeps the pieces suspended so they don’t settle out.

26. Acids, Bases and pH H2O  H+ + OH-
One water molecule naturally dissociates into a Hydrogen Ion (H+) and a Hydroxide Ion (OH-)
Hydrogen Ion Hydroxide Ion
Acid Base
H2O  H+ + OH-

27. The pH Scale Indicates the concentration of H+ ions Ranges from 0 – 14
pH of 7 is neutral
pH 0 up to 7 is acid … H+
pH above 7 – 14 is basic… OH-
Each pH unit represents a factor of 10X change in concentration
pH 3 is 10 x 10 x 10 (1000) stronger than a pH of 6

28. Acids
Strong Acids have a pH of 1-3
Produce lots of H+ ions

29. Bases Strong Bases have a pH of 11 to 14
Contain lots of OH-ions and fewer H+ ions

30. Buffers
Weak acids or bases that react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH (neutralization).
Produced naturally by the body to maintain homeostasis
Weak Acid
Weak Base