1. Chapter 12 The New Imperialism
Section 2 –
The Partition of Africa

2. Section 2 – The Partition of Africa
Setting the Scene: In the late 1800s, Britain, France, Germany, and other European powers swept into Africa. Chief Machemba of the Yao people in East Africa wrote in Swahili to a German officer:
"If it be friendship that you desire, then I am ready for it... but to be your subject, that I cannot be. ... I do not fall at your feet, for you are God's creature just as I am."
Though the Yao and others resisted, they could not prevent European conquest. Within about 20 years, the Europeans had carved up the continent and dominated millions of Africans.

3. I. Africa in the Early 1800s
In the early 1800s African people spoke hundreds of languages and had developed varied governments
Detail which "shows the appropriate territorial boundaries of the various tribes and nations" of Africa

4. I. Africa in the Early 1800s
North Africa had close ties to the Muslim world and was under the rule of the Ottoman Empire

5. Languages of West Africa
I. Africa in the Early 1800s
In West Africa Islamic leaders like Usman dan Fodio preached jihad and several new Muslim states arose
Languages of West Africa

6. I. Africa in the Early 1800s
East Africa was Islamic and port cities like Mombasa and Kilwa carried on profitable trade

7. I. Africa in the Early 1800s
In Southern Africa the Zulu nation under Shaka was battling the Boers and conquering other peoples

8. I. Africa in the Early 1800s
The British organized Sierra Leone for freed slaves and free blacks from the United States settled in nearby Liberia

9. II. European Contacts Increase
In the early 1800s, European explorers like Mungo Park and Richard Burton began pushing into the interior of Africa

10. II. European Contacts Increase
Catholic and Protestant missionaries followed the explorers, seeking to win people to Christianity

11. II. European Contacts Increase
The best known explorer-missionary was Dr. David Livingstone, who spent 30 years exploring Africa

12. III. A Scramble for Colonies
When King Leopold II of Belgium arranged African trade treaties, other European nations began making claims

13. III. A Scramble for Colonies
In 1884, European powers met in Berlin, Germany to divide-up Africa

14. III. A Scramble for Colonies
They redrew the map of Africa without regard for traditional patterns of settlement or ethnic boundaries

15. III. A Scramble for Colonies
France took a giant share of North, West and Central Africa

16. III. A Scramble for Colonies
Britain took chunks of West and East Africa, including Egypt, Sudan and South Africa

17. III. A Scramble for Colonies
Portugal, Italy, and Germany also claimed colonies throughout Africa

18. IV. Africans Resist Imperialism
Europeans met fierce armed resistance across the continent, but only Ethiopia and Liberia remained independent

19. IV. Africans Resist Imperialism
By the early 1900s, African leaders were building nationalist movements to pursue independence