1. Human Communication: The Basic Course Twelfth Edition
PowerPoint™ Presentations prepared by:
Naomi Young
University of California, San Diego
Joseph A. DeVito
Hunter College of the City University of New York

2. Chapter Eleven: Members and Leaders
This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:
any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;
preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;
any rental, lease, or lending of the program.
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. Chapter Goals Learn About: The kinds of roles members play in groups
The types and styles of leadership
The role of culture in membership and leadership
Learn To:
Participate more effectively as a group member
Lead a wide variety of groups effectively and efficiently
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Members and Leaders
Members Roles- patterns of behaviors that we perform and that we’re expected by others to perform
Three Types:
Group task roles
Group building and maintenance roles
Individual roles
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. Group Task Roles Initiator-contributor Information seeker
Opinion seeker
Information giver
Opinion giver
Elaborator
Coordinator
Orienter
Evaluator-critic
Energizer
Procedural technician
Recorder
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

6. Group Building and Maintenance Roles
Encourager
Harmonizer
Compromiser
Gatekeeper-Expediter
Standard setter
Group observer
Follower
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Individual Roles Aggressor Blocker Recognition seeker Self-Confessor
Playboy/playgirl
Dominator
Help seeker
Special interest pleader
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Interaction Process Analysis
Social-Emotional positive contributions
Social-Emotional negative contributions
Attempted answers
Questions
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

9. Member Participation Be group or team oriented
Center conflict on issues
Be critically open-minded
Ensure understanding
Beware of groupthink
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

10. Groupthink Behavior Illusion of invulnerability Avoidance
Assumption of morality
Intolerance of differences of opinion
Self-censorship
Assumption of unanimity
Gatekeeping
Peer pressure
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

11. Combating Groupthink
Illustrate how simplistic solutions may not solve problem
Encourage members to voice disagreement
Reward members who do voice disagreement or doubt
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. Leaders in Small Group Communication
Leadership is the process of influencing the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of group members
Leadership is the process of empowering others
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. Leaders in Small Group Communication
Typically one person serves as leader in a small group
Leadership may be shared by several persons
A person may be appointed the leader
The leader may emerge, or may be elected leader by the group members
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

14. Leaders in Small Group Communication
Emergent leaders perform the duties of leadership, and gradually become recognized by the members as the group’s leader
Two significant factors on who emerges as group leader:
The extent of active participation: The person who talks the most is more likely to emerge as leader
Effective listening: Members who listen effectively will emerge as leaders
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

15. Myths About Leadership
Myth 1: The skills of leadership are rare
Myth 2: Leaders are born
Myth 3: All leaders are charismatic
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

16. Approaches to Leadership
Traits Approach
Functional Approach
Transformational Approach
Situational Approach
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. Function of Leadership
Be ready
Activate the group agenda
Promote group interaction
Maintain effective interaction
Empower group members
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

18. Membership, Leadership, and Culture
Individualism and Collectivism
Member Roles
Belief Systems
Leadership Style
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

19. Knowledge to Action
Think of an example of an effective leader that you worked with and what made them effective. How might you incorporate this strategy into your leadership?
Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.