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Published byTaylor Webley Modified over 9 years ago
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Chapter Seven Other Leadership Perspectives: Upper Echelon and Leadership of Nonprofits
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Factors that Differentiate Micro and Macro Leadership
Who the leader is Scope of responsibility Focus Effectiveness criteria
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The Domain of Strategic Leaders
Structure Technology Leadership Strategy Strategic Leaders Culture Environment
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Dual Role of Strategic Leaders
Moderating Factors Strategy Formulation Strategy Implementation Leader PERFORMANCE
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Moderators of Executive Discretion
External Factors Uncertainty Type of industry Market growth Legal constraints Internal Factors Stability Size and structure Culture Stage of organizational development TMT and BOD
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Strategic Leadership Types
High challenge- seeking Low challenge- CHALLENGE- SEEKING HIGH-CONTROL INNOVATOR (HCI) Challenge-seeker who maintains tight control over organization PARTICIPATIVE INNOVATOR (PI) Challenge-seeker who delegates control of organization STATUS QUO GUARDIAN (SQG) Challenge-averse who maintains tight control over organization PROCESS MANAGER (PM) Challenge-averse who delegates control of organization NEED FOR CONTROL High control Low control
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How Executives Affect their Organizations
Environment Strategy Direct Decisions Allocation of resources Reward system Selection of other leaders Promotions Role modeling Culture Leader Structure Technology Leadership
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Direct Decisions Vision Mission Strategy Structure
Organizational culture - ? Selection of other leaders
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Allocation of Resources and Reward System
Decisions regarding funding and budgets; Allocation of resources to support goals Formal rewards such as salary and bonuses Informal rewards such as recognition Promotion of other leaders and managers
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Setting the Norm and Role Modeling
Setting decision criteria and rules by which others make decisions Active or subtle role modeling of behaviors and styles
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Factors that Affect Executives’ Salaries
Firm size Industry competition CEO power and discretion Internationalization High stress and instability
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Characteristics of Nonprofits
Operate without profit Funds reinvested inside the organization Public service mission Voluntary board of directors Funded through contributions
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Leadership Challenges in Nonprofits
Leaders must rely on participatory leadership to build consensus Strong ethical requirements Motivating and retaining employees Finding and training future leaders
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