1. INTD 50A wall & ceiling materials

2. come from a variety of sources—both natural and fabricated hard or rigid costly to purchase & install require little or no upkeep have natural texture or pattern withstand the test of time—classics echo and reflect/amplify sounds EXAMPLES: brick, concrete, glass, glass block, metal, stone

6. come from a variety of sources—both natural and fabricated flexible or soft more accommodating to shifts in occupant lifestyle generally require more upkeep acoustical benefits EXAMPLES: fabric, upholstered panels, cork, acoustical tiles, paint, gypsum board, plaster, stucco

9. selection guidelines: size of space function of space time frame of occupancy permanently installed materials initially cost more but may be least costly in long run need to be flexible for change pattern on walls lock in style or color scheme—can be restrictive upkeep is a major consideration authenticity and style

10. INTD 50A wall treatments

11. paint used on walls and ceilings more than any other finish material versatile, inexpensive & easy to apply offers color and texture variety ensures surface protection can reinforce interior architecture adds richness, accents surfaces

12. paint easily imitates other materials tromp l’oeil—painted 3D scenes that fool the eye skilled, professional painters can produce texture and pattern, contrast and camouflage

15. paint-texturizing techniques antiquing color washing dragging/combing glazing marbling outlining picking out ragging/rag rolling shading spattering smooshing sponging stippling wood graining

16. painting guidelines surface must be properly prepared old, cracked, bubbled or peeling paint should be removed remove wallcovering cracks, holes & damaged areas should be patched clean, dust-free surface

17. painting guidelines before selecting paint, evaluate room dimensions moldings architectural assets and defects number and orientation of windows

18. painting guidelines don’t judge color from small paint chip try painting a small wall, portion of a wall, large paper that can be hung on the wall judge color during different times of day consider glazing (transparent paints)— experiment with different color combinations

19. painting guidelines consider orientation and climate lively yellow warm and comforting in a cool climate—but uncomfortable in hot climate consider the psychological effect of the color the way people feel about color should be respected

20. types of paints oilbase—will not clean up with water waterbase/latex—will clean up with water other types: acrylic, alkyds, alkyd enamels, enamel, epoxy, etc… NEVER paint over an oilbase with a water base paint

21. paint finishes flat/matte—shows fingerprints; no sheen; better for darker colors; does not clean as well as semi-gloss & high-gloss satin/eggshell—more shine than flat, less shine than semi-gloss; cleans moderately well

22. paint finishes semi-gloss—has medium intense sheen; good for use with lighter colors; cleans better than flat high gloss—very shiny, very cleanable, good for trims & should be used mainly in whites texturizing—comes in various textures— stucco, suede; absorb more sound

23. wall coverings provide variety in pattern, color, texture, sound absorption, and flexibility wallpaper vinyl textile fabric

24. wall coverings colors, patterns, textures are unlimited can imitate natural materials at a fraction of the cost costs vary—but they can be modest 3D fabric wall coverings absorb sound can cover badly cracked or damaged walls fabric pattern coordination provide “instant décor” fabric wall coverings can be installed in variety of ways—flat, pleated, draped…etc

25. wall coverings—cautions make sure selections are compatible with furnishing & architectural styles choose pattern with great discrimination limit the number of patterns in an interior obvious patterns on the ceiling visually lower ceiling carefully select patterns that do not clash beware of cheap imitations installation is a key factor to success

26. wall coverings—terminology (pg. 288) single roll vs. double roll vs. triple roll dye lot border pattern repeat peelable wall covering prepasted wall covering pretrimmed wall covering scrubbable sizing strippable washable

27. wall coverings—types (pg. 289) cork embossed fabric/textile fabric backed flocked foil/mylar grass cloth leather murals paper vinyl—vinyl protected, vinyl latex, coated fabric

28. fabric-covered walls benefits flexible—applied in a number of fashions to create the look you want can be temporary, permanent or semi- permanent highly insulative—noise & temperatures visual comfort/physical softness coordinate easily with other fabrics in the room

29. fabric-covered walls drawbacks subject to soiling may discolor or stain when spot-cleaned difficult upkeep should not be used in heavy traffic areas

30. INTD 50A ceiling treatments

31. while most of the materials discussed for wall treatments can also be applied to ceilings, typically ceiling materials are lighter in weight acoustical tile wallboard plaster wood cork

32. ceiling treatments most guidelines for the use of paint and wall coverings on walls also hold true for ceilings can have a powerful yet subtle influence on the overall feeling of the space

33. ceiling treatments

38. to visually lower a ceiling, use: patterns dark or bright colors texture to visually raise a ceiling use: smooth surfaces light, pale or dull colors

39. ceiling treatments to visually lower a ceiling, use: patterns dark or bright colors texture horizontal beams or bands to visually raise a ceiling use: smooth surfaces light, pale or dull colors angled ceilings with beams

40. ceilings—acoustical considerations ceilings can easily be designed to soften or dampen sound: fabric—draping/tentlike upholstered panels acoustical tile textured acoustical plaster