1. Pavement Management Program Overview February 10, 2015 Presented By: Christopher J. Ott, E.I.

2. Discussion Outline Pavement Management Overview Inventory and Database Generation Maintenance and Rehabilitation Budget Analysis and Goals Summary of Benefits

3. Pavement Management Pavement Management System (PMS) –What is it? A set of tools and methods that assists in the cost effective maintenance of a roadway system. –Why? Rating roadways, identifying and implementing proper maintenance techniques and prioritizing improvements drastically impacts the effectiveness of the annual budget.

4. Pavement Management Five Key Components of a PMS –Inventory - Gather Pertinent Data and Complete Physical Inspection of Each Roadway –Database - Develop and Maintain Records of Current and Past Conditions of Pavement Sections –Budget - Analyze Current Budget and Develop Budget Scenarios for Future Expenditures –Prioritization - Determine the Most Effective Way to Apply Budget on an Annual Basis. –Communication - Provides a Means to Convey Plans and Ideas Among Township Staff, Elected Officials, the Community, the Media and other Government Agencies

5. Database Hierarchy Blackberry Township Network 1Network 2, 3... Branch 1Branch 2,3... Section 1Section 2, 3... Sample Unit 2, 3...Sample Unit 1

6. Inventory and Database Network – A Geographically Similar Grouping of Roadways (neighborhood, subdivision, etc.) Branch – A Roadway (Smith Road, etc.) Section – A Segment of a Branch with Similar Characteristics (construction date, width, edge treatment, etc.) Sample Unit – Generally, a 100 Foot +/- Unit Within a Section Breaking Out Sample Units in this Manner Simplifies the Inspection Process

7. Inventory and Database Inventory –Select Appropriate Database Software – In Blackberry Township, MicroPAVER was Selected Reliable, Most Commonly Utilized in the U.S.; Recommended by the American Public Works Association (APWA) –Conduct Roadway Inspections Gather and Document Data (Pre-Inspection) –Construction Year, Length, Width, Roadway Type, Pavement Data, Maintenance History (provided by Blackberry Township)

8. Inventory and Database Inventory –Conduct Roadway Inspections Field Inspection/Condition data –Manual – Most Cost Effective for the Size of the Blackberry Township Roadway System –Automated Inspection Used abbreviated inspection in Blackberry Township –Inspected one or two roadways in each year of construction and grouped roadways together in PCI score

9. Inventory and Database Inventory –Identification of Pavement Distress –Accumulation of Distresses Reduces Pavement Rating –Pavement Rating “Pavement Condition Index” (PCI) Scale from 0-100 –New Pavement, No Distress – PCI of 100 –Old Failed Pavement, Heavy Distress – PCI of 0

10. Inventory and Database Types of Distress – Alligator Cracking

11. Inventory and Database Types of Distress – Block Cracking

12. Inventory and Database Types of Distress – Depressions

13. Inventory and Database Types of Distress – Transverse Crack

14. Inventory and Database Types of Distress – Pothole

15. Inventory and Database Types of Distress – Raveling

16. Inventory and Database Types of Distress – Edge Cracking

17. Inventory and Database Analysis –Distress Type, Quantity and Severity Entered into Software –Software Develops Rating (7 Typical Categories) Excellent (86-100) Very Good (71-85) Good (56-70) Fair (41-55) Poor (26-40) Very Poor (11-25) Failed (0-10)

18. Inventory and Database Examples – Excellent Roadway (Smith Road)

19. Inventory and Database Examples –Very Good Roadway (Seavey Road)

20. Inventory and Database Examples – Poor Roadway (Kenmar Drive)

21. Inventory and Database Summary of Roadways Currently 58 Centerline Miles –52 Miles Surfaced –6.0 Miles Gravel Roads »(Bateman, Brundige, Finley, Lorange, Seavey) »Gravel Roads were not included in the analysis

22. Summary of Roadway Age: 0-2 Years0.86% ( 52,272 SF - 2 total sections ) 3-5 Years10.80% ( 655,402- 8 total sections ) 6-10 Years 17.03% ( 1,033,412- 32 total sections ) 11-15 Years 38.30% ( 2,323,946 SF - 53 total sections ) 16-20 Years 25.00% ( 1,516,587 SF - 60 total sections ) 21-25 Years 7.99%( 484,886 SF - 11 total sections ) Inventory and Database

23. Overall Township PCI of 51.07 Summary of PCI Ratings: Excellent (86-100) 9.62% ( 583,836 SF - 9 total sections ) Very Good (71-85) 7.52% ( 456,411 SF - 14 total sections ) Good (56-70) 18.09% ( 1,097,597 SF - 25 total sections ) Fair (41-55) 31.81% ( 1,929,867 SF - 53 total sections ) Poor (26-40) 32.95% ( 1,998,794 SF - 60 total sections ) Very Poor (11-25) 0% ( 0 SF - 0 total sections ) Failed (0-10) 0% ( 0 SF - 0 total sections ) Inventory and Database

25. Township Wide PCI Map

26. Maintenance and Rehabilitation Utilize Software –Establishes PCI –Develop Recommended Annual Expenditure –Review Rehabilitation Methods –Identify Timelines for Preventative Maintenance Develop Improvement Schedules –Multi-Year Plan –Prioritization to Maximize Budget Effectiveness Not Necessarily “Worst First”

27. Maintenance and Rehabilitation Preventative Maintenance ($0.15 - $0.50/SF) –Crack Sealing –Intermediate Patching Program –Drainage Improvements –Microsurfacing or Other Surface Treatments –Goal - Extend Serviceability of Roadways, Delay Costly Rehabilitation Methods Resurfacing ($1.00 - $4.00/SF) Reconstruction ($8.00 - $12.00+/SF)

28. Maintenance and Rehabilitation

29. Budget - –Current Township Program consists of 1.5”-2” Overlays with Crack Sealing Deteriorating Average PCI - –The Township’s $150,000 MFT Funds Result in a Deterioration of the Roadways over Time (Typical for Most Local Agencies) Future 2034 PCI with current funding - –Currently, the average PCI for the Township is 51.07 (Fair). At the current funding level, 2034 PCI will have fallen to 14.11 (Very Poor). Budget Analysis and Goals

31. Current Status - –Currently, the Township has a low overall average PCI due to the age of the roadways. Maintaining the PCI - –Due to the age and low quality of roadways within the Township, maintaining a PCI level at even a Fair rating will require a much higher budget than is currently used. A budget in the range of $700,000 would be required to approximately maintain a constant PCI within the Township. This corresponds to a resurfacing cycle of 30 years +/- for every roadway. Budget Analysis and Goals

33. Expenditures - –The next figure shows the PCI vs. Time curve for an annual budget of $850,000. This would combine the $150,000 MFT allotment as well as $700,000 of funding from other sources within the township. Increasing Average PCI - –This level of funding results in an increased average PCI at the end of 20 years; however, it initially decreases due to a large backlog and then begins to recover after 7 years. Future 2034 PCI - –At a funding level of $850,000, the PCI would increase to 57; this moves the system into “Good”. It also represents a more stable resurfacing cycle of 25 years +/- for every roadway. Budget Analysis and Goals

35. How Much Should You Spend???- –Due to the age and low quality of roadways within the Township, obtaining an acceptable overall PCI level will require a much higher budget. According to MicroPAVER in order to obtain a PCI of 72 within the Township a budget in the range of $1,100,000 would be required. Future 2034 PCI with $1,100,000- –At the increased funding level, 2034 PCI will have increased to 72.19, this moves the system into “Very Good”. It also represents a more stable resurfacing cycle of 20 years +/- for every roadway. –The next figure shows the PCI vs Time curve for an annual budget of $1,100,000. Budget Analysis and Goals

38. The Current PCI is 51.07, which is “Fair” Maintaining a Fair Rating will be Difficult Financially with the current budget due to the extreme backlog of deficient roads The Goal is to Select a Target Budget with Realistic Goals and Adequate Long Term Serviceability An Ideal Budget Will Provide for Reasonable Resurfacing Timelines and Periodic Pavement Preservation Target Budget

39. Summary of Benefits Improve the Efficiency of Decision-making Involving Pavement Management Activities Develop Multi-Year Program that can be Justified and Communicated Predict Future Condition of Pavement for Different Levels of Funding and Shows the Effects of Under- funded Road Programs Inventory and Database can be Periodically Updated to Monitor Progress Complete Re-Inspection to Conduct Supplemental Evaluations – Monitor Deterioration and Budget Effectiveness

40. Summary of Benefits Questions?