1. Garden Mosaics: An Adaptation of a U.S. Youth Outreach Program in Two Township Schools in Durban, South Africa Jamila Walida Simon, M.S. Dr. Marianne Krasny Department of Natural Resources Cornell University Ithaca, NY

2. Terminology Learner vs. Student Feeding Scheme vs. School Lunch Township vs. Neighborhood Poverty Alleviation Program vs. Welfare Ubuntu vs. Individualism

3. Role of Context Everyday contexts can be used to improve science learning (Kasanda et al., 2005) Local contexts can be used to build on the prior knowledge of learners (Saranson, 1971) Local or familiar contexts can provide bridges to unfamiliar concepts (Ibid, 1971)

4. Garden Mosaics Program NSF Funded Informal Science Education Program Combines science, culture, people, and plants through science investigations Targets youth ages 8-18 Connects youth and elders Run out of community centers, camps, EE programs http://www.gardenmosaics.org

5. Garden Mosaics Program in the U.S. and in South Africa Neighborhood Exploration / Township Exploration Gardener Story Action Project Science Pages http://www.gardenmosaics.org

6. Neighborhood Exploration in the U.S. Aerial Photos and Topographic Maps Photos Collage http://www.gardenmosaics.org TRUCE Fitness Youth During their N.E. in Harlem, NY

7. Gardener Story in the U.S. Intergenerational Learning Learning about Elders Examining Planting Practices Cultural Influences Science http://www.gardenmosaics.org Gardener Story Conducted for the Openlands Project in Chicago, IL

8. Action Project in the U.S. Youth and Learners Use Their Prior and New Found Knowledge to Take Action http://www.gardenmosaics.org Green Teen Youth Selling Produce from their Garden in Poughkeepsie, NY

9. Science Pages Colorful Illustrated Pages available online and in print Printed in English and Spanish Ranging in Topics from Raised Beds to Beetroot http://www.gardenmosaics.org

10. Environment Language and Education Trust (E.L.E.T.) I.N.K. Greening Project (Inanda, Ntuzuma, and KwaMashu; three townships in Durban) Sandasonke Primary School Khethamahle Primary School

11. Research Question In what ways can the Garden Mosaics curriculum be adapted to suit South African learners and educators?

12. Objectives To examine the process of adapting a program from one culture to another To examine the South African context To examine how learners explore their community, community gardens, create and implement a plan for action

13. Methods Participant Observations Daily Reflections Focus group with learners (Khethamahle) Interviews of school principals Daily Feedback

14. Adaptation Township Exploration – high levels of crime within the township Gardener Story – strict roles of educators, gardeners, elders, and learners

15. Findings Terms that don’t translate from one culture to another Outsiders have a unique point of entry

16. Acknowledgements Garden Mosaics Program http://www.gardenmosaics.org National Science Foundation grant Dr. Marianne Krasny Keith Tidball Kendra Liddicoat Learners, gardeners, educators, principals at Sandasonke and Khethamahle, and ELET staff