1. Forms of Resistance in Slavery 1. Defining Resistance 2. Overt Forms of Resistance - Haitian Revolution - maroon communities - the underground railroad 3. Covert Forms of Resistance 4. Alternative Lifestyle

2. Defining Resistance In the Americas, slave resistance was the sum of all the tools and strategies used to openly challenge and defy the system of slavery, as well as the more subtle responses of survival that characterized the daily lives of slaves and helped keep their spirits alive.

3. Factors in the Success of the Haitian Revolution 1. Size and make-up of slave population; 2. Class tensions among whites (petits and grands blancs); 3. Large and relatively wealthy free non-white group; 4. French Revolution and questions of citizenship.

4. Some Major Slave Revolts Saint-Domingue (Haiti) 1791-1804 Denmark Vessey, Charleston, South Carolina, 1822 Nat Turner, Virginia, August 1831 Sam Sharpe, Jamaica, Christmas 1831

5. Maroon Communities Maroon communities were made up primarily of escaped slaves and were organized attempts to establish free, autonomous black communities socially and politically independent of plantation slave society.

6. Underground Railroad The underground railroad was a loosely organized network of aid and assistance to fugitive slaves. Between 1815-1860, approximately 80,000 slaves escaped via the UGR, and about 50,000 came to Canada.

7. Map of Underground Railroad

8. Harriet Tubman Harriet Tubman, a slave who escaped slavery in 1849 and found refuge in Canada, made 19 trips back into the South to escort over 300 slaves to freedom.

9. Gradual Abolition of Slavery 1 793 Canada passes bill to prevent further importation of slaves; first British territory to enact anti-slavery legislation; 1807British abolish slave trade; 1834British colonies abolish slavery but introduce period of Apprenticeship which lasts until 1838; 1865US government abolishes slavery in the US South; 1886Cubans abolish slavery after a six-year period of patronato; This ends slavery in the Caribbean; 1888Brazil is the final colony in the Americas to abolish slavery.