1. The Atlantic Slave Trade
Chapter 20
Section 3

2. Key Terms
Atlantic slave trade
Triangular Trade
Middle passage

3. Slavery in Africa Slavery existed for centuries
Muslim rulers in Africa justified slavery
Between million Africans were taken to Muslim lands

4. Slavery in Africa Muslim and African states slaves had some rights
Muslim world some slaves occupied positions of power
Some were generals in the army

5. The Atlantic Slave Trade
Shortage of labor
Needed large numbers of workers
Plantations- estates where cash crops such as sugar or tobacco were grown on a large scale
First used Native Americans

6. The Atlantic Slave Trade
European diseases killed millions
1600’s plantations used indentured servants
People worked for a set amount of time to pay for their passage
These workers were expensive to support

7. The Demand for Africans
Africans had been exposed to European diseases
Africans had experience in farming
Africans less likely to escape
Skin color made it easy to catch those who escapes

8. The Atlantic Slave Trade
Millions of Africans were taken to the Americas before slave trade ended in the 1800’s
Most came from west Africa, Senegal, and Angola
Some slaves exchanged for firearms, others were kidnapped

9. The Atlantic Slave Trade
Captured slaves were marched to ships
Triangular Trade
First leg were ships carrying goods to Africa
Goods exchanged for slaves
Middle Passage-Africans brought to the Americas to be sold as slaves
Third carried rice, sugar, and tobacco to Europe

10. Triangular Trade

13. Middle Passage Terrifying ordeal Africans were chained together
Forced into dark quarters below deck
Packed so tight they could not sit or stand
Journey lasted three to six weeks

14. Middle Passage 10-20 percent did not survive the voyage
Those who reached the Americas were then auctioned off
Olaudah Equiano- wrote about the condition
Stench was so bad
Women shrieking
People moaning and dying

15. Slavery in the Colonies
Slaves taken to Americas
Spanish took slaves to the Caribbean
Portuguese took millions to Brazil
English took most of their slaves to the West Indies
Brought large numbers to the colonies

16. Slavery in the Colonies

17. Living Conditions Most slaves worked on plantations
Others worked in mines, in towns, and in the countryside
Skilled crafters continued their craft
Carpenters
Metal workers
Coopers
Women give domestic duties

18. Living Conditions
Had to meet their basic needs in a short hours after the workday
Daily tasks
Cooking
Mending clothing
Tending to the sick
Had to fit around the work of the slaveholder

19. Living Conditions Were harsh
Owners and overseers inflicted physical and degrading punishment for minor offenses
Many slaveholders lived in fear of rebellion

20. Resistance Laws considered slaves as property
Had no rights or freedoms
Slaveholders controlled living conditions
Slaves endured brutal treatment and abuse
Coped with inhumane conditions

22. Resistance Some tried to keep their culture alive
Some turned to religion for a better life
Some fought back by
Slowing down their work
Some destroyed equipment
Some revolted
Some ran away

23. Effects of the Slave Trade
Lasted for 400 years
Estimates of million slaves were shipped to the Americas
Millions more to Europe, Asia, and the Middle East
Millions died from marching to the coast and on slave ships

24. Effects of the Slave Trade
Slavery deprive millions of their freedom and doomed their descendants to slavery
Captured many of the strongest and future leaders
African waged war their own people and neighbors to gain captives

25. Effects of the Slave Trade
Forced labor did not enrich Africa
African labor built the economies of American colonies
Knowledge of agriculture led to growth of the rice industry
African Diaspora- dispersal of African culture to the western world

26. African Diaspora