1. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Introducing the Selections Informational Text Focus: Structural Patterns of Text— Proposition and Support Writing Skills Focus Feature Menu

2. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Introducing the Selections What can mistakes of the past teach us today?

3. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Introducing the Selections For more than 200 years, slavery was legal in the United States. Many people believed it was acceptable to own another human being... but others disagreed.

4. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Introducing the Selections From two very different perspectives—those of a white politician and of a former slave—these selections raise moral and legal questions about slavery. [End of Section]

5. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support Often, a writer’s job is to persuade you to do things. Join this!Order this!Buy this!

6. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support What a writer is trying to convince you of is called the proposition. The evidence he or she uses is called the support. PROPOSITION support

7. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support proposition: You should eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables every day. support: Fruits and vegetables contain many nutrients that are important for your health.

8. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support You are about to read selections that use the structural pattern of proposition and support. In “Fragment on Slavery, 1854,” Lincoln uses the proslavery argument of his time to argue against slavery. How effective is this argument?

9. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support Into Action: To critique each of the selections, make and complete a chart like the one on the following slide. A chart for “Fragment on Slavery, 1854” has been started for you.

10. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support [End of Section] What is the author’s proposition? “Fragment on Slavery, 1854” He asks whether the argument for slavery can be used against slavery. How does the author support the proposition? He systematically refutes reasons for slavery. How well is the argument developed? What structural patterns does the author use? Proposition and support My Critique:

11. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Writing Skills Focus Preparing for Timed Writing [End of Section] As you read, locate and record at least three ways each author focuses and clarifies the argument.

12. Vocabulary

13. perpetuate v.: cause to continue. hypocrisy n.: false show of virtue or goodness. denounce v.: speak against. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary Fragment on Slavery, 1854 conceded v.: admitted; acknowledged.

14. despicable adj.: hateful; detested. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary Apologies for Past Actions Are Still Appropriate Today

15. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary... I will, in the name of humanity, which is outraged, in the name of liberty, which is fettered, and the name of the Constitution and the Bible, which are disregarded and trampled upon, dare to call in question and to denounce, with all the emphasis I can command... The sentence below may help you understand how the word denounce is used in “What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?” When you denounce something, you speak against it.

16. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary Mr. Ortega denounced the cost of roses on Valentine’s Day. Because they were so expensive, he felt he had to a. speak against buying them. b. buy two dozen. c. compliment the florist on her display.

17. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary Mr. Ortega denounced the cost of roses on Valentine’s Day. Because they were so expensive, he felt he had to a. speak against buying them. b. buy two dozen. c. compliment the florist on her display. Describe an unfair situation you think should be denounced.

18. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary If we perpetuate something, we cause it to continue. The sentence below may help you understand how the word perpetuate is used in “What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?”... I will... dare to call in question and to denounce, with all the emphasis I can command, everything that serves to perpetuate slavery—the great sin and shame of America!

19. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary School officials hope to perpetuate the Mozart Scholarship, which provides free music lessons to talented students. The officials want the scholarship a.to last for one more year. b.to end. c. to keep going for a long time.

20. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary The officials want the scholarship a.to last for one more year. b.to end. c. to keep going for a long time. How can you perpetuate a positive action? School officials hope to perpetuate the Mozart Scholarship, which provides free music lessons to talented students.

21. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary If a point is conceded, it is admitted to be true. The sentence below may help you understand how the word conceded is used in “What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?” Must I undertake to prove that the slave is a man? That point is conceded already. Nobody doubts it. The slave-holders themselves acknowledge it in the enactment of laws for their government.

22. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary When the politician saw the official results of the election, he conceded to his opponent. a.He acknowledged that his opponent was the winner. b.He promised to fight his opponent again. c. He demanded a recount of the ballots.

23. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary When the politician saw the official results of the election, he conceded to his opponent. a.He acknowledged that his opponent was the winner. b.He promised to fight his opponent again. c. He demanded a recount of the ballots. Name a time you have had to concede something.

24. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary Hypocrisy is a false show of virtue. The sentence below may help you understand how the word hypocrisy is used in “What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?” The feeling of the nation must be quickened: the conscience of the nation must be roused; the propriety of the nation must be startled; the hypocrisy of the nation must be exposed; and its crimes against God and man must be denounced....

25. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary Nurse Ann acted with hypocrisy toward her patients. Which statement best describes her behavior? a.She talked too much when patients were trying to sleep. b.She was nice when the doctor was there, but mean otherwise. c.She gave patients candy.

26. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary Nurse Ann acted with hypocrisy toward her patients. Which statement best describes her behavior? a.She talked too much when patients were trying to sleep. b.She was nice when the doctor was there, but mean otherwise. c.She gave patients candy. Name an act of hypocrisy from history.

27. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary Despicable behavior is not just bad; it is detestable. The sentences below may help you understand how the word despicable is used in “Apologies for Past Actions Are Still Appropriate Today.” Online bullying is a despicable practice. This hateful behavior includes sending abusive emails to a person and posting cruel anonymous comments in public forums.

28. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary Kevin is famous for his pranks. The whole family considered it despicable when he a.left a plastic flower on his mother’s windshield. b.filled the sugar bowl with salt just before breakfast. c. talked to his little sister about her crush on a classmate.

29. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Vocabulary Kevin is famous for his pranks. The whole family considered it despicable when he a.left a plastic flower on his mother’s windshield. b. filled the sugar bowl with salt just before breakfast. c. talked to his little sister about her crush on a classmate.

30. The End

31. QuickTalk

32. What actions can a nation take to correct injustices? Discuss this issue with a small group of classmates. [End of Section] Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? QuickTalk

33. Build Background

34. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Build Background Abraham Lincoln, the U.S. president from 1861 to 1865, presided over the country during the American Civil War. In 1863, Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed all American slaves. Lincoln struggled with the political reality of slavery throughout his career.

35. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Build Background Frederick Douglass was raised as a slave in Maryland. Although it was illegal for a slave to be educated, Douglass learned to read. After escaping slavery, Douglass became a passionate speaker against the institution. He gave this fiery speech in Rochester, New York, on July 5, 1852. [End of Section]

36. Read with a Purpose

37. Read the note “Fragment on Slavery, 1854,” and the speech “What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?” to discover the proposition at the heart of each selection. Fragment on Slavery, 1854/ from What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? [End of Section]