1. The Institutionalization of Slavery Learning Target : to distinguish three slave systems which existed in 18 th Century America

2. Slaves & Servants American slavery began in 1619 Which of the following best characterizes the position of indentured servants and slaves in the American colonies in the 17th century? A) their legal rights were identical B) both slaves and indentured servants could usually end their service to masters after a set period C) both assisted in the economic advancement of Southern colonies D) both were more common in urban than rural settings E) both came to the colonies against their will Answer: C) both assisted in the economic advancement of Southern colonies Explanation: The American Southern colonies became sources of wealth for English investors mainly because of the profitability of tobacco, the cultivation of which required many laborers. Both indentured servants and slaves were employed in the South, though eventually slavery became the dominant source of cheap labor in most colonies.

3. Atlantic Slave Trade What crops created demand for slaves? sugar, rice, coffee, tobacco, indigo

4. Triangular Trade Route Importance for Commerce Importance for Commerce –Look at pg. 135 in your book Middle Passage Middle Passage –Pg. 136 –Pack or no pack –Draw backs –1 in 5 perished –Time for a video clip

5. Commerce Importance of the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713 Importance of the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713

6. Three Slave Systems Chesapeake Slavery Chesapeake Slavery Where was it located? Where was it located? Tobacco-based Tobacco-based Very little freedom, why? Very little freedom, why?

7. Three Slave Systems South Carolina & Georgia South Carolina & Georgia 1 st focused on exportation of Indian slaves to Caribbean, deerskins & furs to England 1 st focused on exportation of Indian slaves to Caribbean, deerskins & furs to England Rice-based and then Indigo Rice-based and then Indigo Field slaves Field slaves Black majority- 1 st time Black majority- 1 st time Wealthiest slave owning class Wealthiest slave owning class

8. Three Slave Systems New England New England Nonplantation Nonplantation What did they do as slaves? What did they do as slaves? Represented only a minor part of population Represented only a minor part of population

9. Early results of Slavery Differences in Laws Differences in Laws Harsher in the South Harsher in the South Why? Why? Emergence of “African-American” culture Emergence of “African-American” culture Mulattos/Creoles Mulattos/Creoles Quest for Freedom/Resistance to slavery Quest for Freedom/Resistance to slavery

10. Anti-Slavery Attitudes Colonial slave auction block While most colonists refrained from criticizing slavery on moral grounds, which group consistently opposed slavery? A) Southern cotton plantation owners B) New England shipbuilders C) middle colony merchants D) Virginia Anglicans E) Pennsylvania Quakers Answer: E) Pennsylvania Quakers Explanation: The Quakers or Society of Friends took a consistent stand against the practice of slavery. The 1688 Germantown Quaker Petition Against Slavery was the first protest against slavery by a religious body in the English colonies.