1. Risk Tolerance Review Strategies for Understanding and Addressing

2. 10 Factors That Influence Risk Tolerance 1.Over estimating capability or experience 2.Familiarity with the task 3.Seriousness of outcome 4.Voluntary actions and being in control 5.Personal experience with outcome 6.Cost of non-compliance 7.Confidence in the Equipment 8.Confidence with protection and rescue 9.Potential profit & gain from actions 10.Role models accepting risk

3. 3 1) Overestimating Capability/Experience

4. 1.A belief that an incident or injury can not occur due to excellent physical ability Strength to be able to exert extreme forces Strength to lift heavy loads without injury 2.A belief that pure physical ability can over come an adverse situation Agility and reflexes to avoid injury Ability to react fast enough to get out of the way of trouble “I can lift 75 lbs. in the gym... this won’t be a problem!” 1) Overestimating Capability/Experience

5. 2) Familiarity with the Task

6. Refresher training: – Fresh Start. – Weekly Review of Long Form JHAs with supervision and workers involved. – Ensure that any changes are reviewed and signed off by all members of the crew. – Safety Stand downs and brain storming sessions to identify causal factors and short/long term corrective action for prevention of incidents in the future. These learning must be shared with the workers. – Distribution and review with all workers Safety Flash/Safety Posters JHA: – Develop and review the JHA pre-job with all members of the crew. – Have all members of the crew participate in the development. – Ensure JHAs are updated any time scope of work changes or new hazards are identified. Feedback: – Provide workers with feedback on performance and address any concerns that are identified.

7. 7 3) Seriousness of Outcome

8. Seriousness of the Outcome Use incident communications and safety alerts to demonstrate the seriousness of the outcome Use language that more appropriately describes how serious the outcome could be: ‘Crush’ - instead of ’ pinch point’ ‘Struck by’ - instead of ‘line of fire’ ‘Death trap’- instead of ‘ unguarded rotating equipment’ Strategies for addressing risk created by underestimating the seriousness of the outcome: 3) Seriousness of Outcome

9. 9 4) Voluntary Actions and Being in Control

10. How Do We Obtain Control? JHA’s Inspections Audits Repetitiveness 4) Voluntary Actions and Being in Control

11. 11 5) Personal Experience with an Outcome

12. Keep the ‘corporate memory’ alive: o The serious incidents that our company has experienced in the past need to be communicated to newer workers expert observerskeepers of the corporate memory o Supervisors, ‘expert observers’, and the ‘keepers of the corporate memory’ have the obligation to share their experiences with newer workers “What could go wrong?”Demonstrate that incidents have occurred because of not following a procedure – “What could go wrong?” “How bad could it be?”Demonstrate that there have been serious consequences in the past – “How bad could it be?” Safety AlertsIncident SummariesUse Safety Alerts and Incident Summaries from within the company, from industry associations and from other companies to reinforce that incidents have and could happen. 5) Personal Experience with an Outcome

13. 13 WARNING: WARNING: The following image is graphic in nature and may be disturbing to some viewers.

14. 14 6) Cost of Non-Compliance

15. A greater cost of non compliance can lower risk tolerance. Example: A speeding ticket of $200 – may be viewed as acceptable by some drivers. A ticket of $10,000 and confiscation of the vehicle Would a driver be willing to accept that? 6) Cost of Non-Compliance

16. 7) Confidence in the Equipment “I’ve Been Doing This For Years” What’s the worst that can happen? Pre walk the area Understand what your equipment can and cannot do Have you inspected the rigging? Is the rigging rated for the load? Is the rigger competent?

17. 8) Confidence in Protection and Rescue Gloves Will Always Protect Your Hands July 21, 2011 Worker’s hand became crushed between a zoom boom fork and pipe. Result: Fractured Thumb Gloves were being worn during the incident

18. 9) Potential Profit & Gain from Actions N ot setting up the boom truck properly with outriggers fully extended and in place. B oom truck operator sustained a bruised right shin as a result of contact from the unit. G et This Pick Today, Take it easy Tomorrow

19. A ‘role model’ can include: A more senior worker An individual that the work group turns to for the answers Informal leader in the group Individual respected by the work group But most of all an Individual in a position of authority A FOREMAN CAN FIT ALL FIVE DESCRIPTIONS AS A LEADER OF WORK 10) Role Models Accepting Risk

20. Mind on Task Focus attention on task Stop and Think Identify and Eliminate unsafe behaviors and conditions Intervene when work is not safe Ask you crew, “What are we doing today to remained focus?” 20

21. Kiewit Corporation 21 Any Questions?