1. Urban Growth and Decline
Issues in the Australian Environment: Urban Processes
Urban Growth and Decline

2. Cities are always changing
Urban decline
Urban renewal
Gentrification
Urban consolidation
Change involves four urban processes

3. Sydney has changed since 1788
Sydney has grown out from a centre

4. The area of first settlement has changed
City from Pyrmont – 1880s

5. The same view from in Pyrmont 2010
Can you see anything from the 1880s?

6. The view from Pyrmont Bridge 2010
Can you see anything from the 1880s?

7. The area of first settlement has changed
A view of Darling Harbour, 1880s

8. View across Darling Harbour 2010
Can you see anything from the 1880s?

9. The area of first settlement has changed
1902

10. The area of first settlement has changed
Can you see anything from 1902?

11. Cities can be represented by circles
The area of first settlement
Cities grow out from areas of first settlement, and as they grow certain processes occur:
Some areas Decline
In some areas there is Renewal
Outward growth
There’s Consolidation of people in some places
In other places change in social and economic status occurs - Gentrification

12. As cities growth they spread outwards

13. Geographers often use models like this
Models help us understand the real world
Models aren’t entirely accurate
Models have aspects that are accurate
We can apply this circular model to Sydney
Do you think it applies to Sydney?

14. As cities growth they spread outwards
Sydney CBD
Zone of management administration & major retailing, where urban transport converges ensuring accessiblity
Sydney CBD
The area of first settlement develops as the Central Business District.
Here the most intense business activity takes place

15. Around the CBD a factory zone develops
Car factory Zetland
Industry develops close to CBD administration, markets, labour, port sites and rail yards

16. Then a zone of housing and factories
Rozelle & White Bay
Industry expands into the area. The poorest people and housing conditions, high levels of pollution and congestion.

17. Next a zone of newer housing
Housing Haberfield
Residential zone working class and upwardly mobile people, close to employment in inner zones

18. Then a zone of even newer houses
Macquarie Links
Higher quality new housing on larger blocks, residents commute & have higher transport costs

19. Beyond is the rural urban fringe
Mulgoa
Mixed rural and high class residential area. Residents commute by train, often drive to railway stations

20. Does this describe the way Sydney is ?
Rozelle has undergone ‘gentrification’
Rozelle & White Bay
Mulgoa
Sydney CBD
Car factory Zetland
Housing Haberfield
Macquarie Links
There are no longer factories in Zetland
Much has changed

21. Suburbs like Zetland have become areas of urban consolidation with dense settlement & high rise apartment development
Urban consolidation involves increasing the amount of medium to high density housing in areas that already have urban infrastructure in place, such as old industrial areas.

22. Suburbs like Annandale, Camperdown, Rozelle, Balmain, Lilyfield & Leichhardt have become expensive places to live. They have been the sites of Gentrification.
Gentrification involves new groups of wealthy people moving into poor neighbourhoods and renovating the houses or sometimes building new ones.

23. Suburbs like Annandale, Camperdown, Rozelle, Balmain, Lilyfield & Leichhardt have also experienced Urban Decline
With Urban Decline buildings and infrastructure fall into disrepair and dilapadation. It is sometimes called Urban decay.  Businesses close and sometimes buildings become derelict and the intensity of land use declines.

24. The Old Piano Factory, Annandale
Suburbs like Annandale, Camperdown, Rozelle, Balmain, Lilyfield & Leichhardt have also experienced Urban Renewal
The Old Piano Factory, Annandale
In the older parts of Sydney Urban renewal is apparent as changing economic conditions, new technology and the increasing expense of locating people and services on the urban fringe, make inner city living and working most attractive..