1. Father of Psychology!
Sigmund Freud

2. Sigmund Freud

3. Theory of Personality Development
Believed personality develops through a series of childhood stages
If the stages are completed successfully, the result is a healthy personality.

4. Freud’s Stages Stage 1: The oral stage Last from birth to 18 months
Primary source of interaction occurs through mouth
Mouth for eating, and infant gets pleasure from oral stimulation through tasting and sucking.
Child depends on caregiver to feed them, they develop a sense of trust and comfort through oral stimulation.

6. Child must become less dependant on caretakers, if not child fixates at this stage and would have issues with dependency and aggression.
Could cause problems with drinking, smoking, and nail biting.

7. Stage 2: The Anal Stage

8. Primary focus was on controlling bladder and bowel movements.
Success depends on parents toilet training approach.
If parents praise and reward
If parents punish, ridicule or shame a child for accidents
If approach too lenient, an anal expulsive personality can develop = messy, wasteful or destructive personality
If too strict = becomes orderly, rigid,obsessive.

9. Stage 3: Phallic Stage

10. Focus on genitals
Discover differences between males and females
Boys begin to view father as a rival for their mothers affection ( child fears punishment from father for feeling this way) Oedipus complex
Young girls experience penis envy ( electra complex)
Child realizes and begins to identify with the same sex parent as a means of possessing the other parent.
Believed that females never resolve their penis envy and are somewhat fixated at this stage.

11. Stage 4: The Latent Period
6- puberty ( around 12)
Development of the ego and superego
Become more concerned with relationships, hobbies interests
Time of exploration sexual energy still present, but is directed into other areas; intellectual pursuits and social
Important in development of social and communication skills and self confidence.

12. Stage 5: The Genital Stage
Begins at puberty
Resurgence of the sex drive
Strong sexual interest in the opposite sex
If all other stages were completed successfully the individual should be well balanced warm and caring
Goal of stage is to establish a balance between life areas.

13. Psychoanalytic theory of personality:
Composed of three elements
These 3 elements work together to create complex human behaviours.

14. The Id Only part of personality present at birth
Unconscious ( includes instinct and primitive behaviours)
Source of all psychic energy,making it the primary component of personality

15. The Ego Part of personality responsible for dealing with reality.
Develops from the id, and ensures that the impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner acceptable in the real world.
Present in conscious, and unconscious mind
Operates on reality principle( strives to satisfy the id’s desires in realistic and socially appropriate ways.

16. The Superego Last to develop
Holds all our moral standards that we get from parents and society ( sense of right and wrong)
Provides guidelines for making judgements
Emerges at around 5
Acts to perfect and civilize our behaviour.
Works to suppress unacceptable urges of the id and struggles to make the ego act upon idealistic standards.

18. Group Activity
1) In your groups please come up with strengths and weaknesses to this theory.
2) In your groups you are to pretend that one member is Sigmund Freud and the other member is a patient coming to him for help.
You are to develop a problem, and scenario where Feud can help the patient to overcome their problems based on his theory of personality development.
Each group must have a script for their scenarios.