1. PRESENT PERFECT: for past actions that have just ended or have no clear ending point in the past. yonosotros/as túvosotros/as ustedustedes él/ellaellos/ellas cerr he has ha hemos habéis han In Spanish: HABER + PAST PARTICIPLE: -ar verbs ending in –ado -er/-ir verbs ending in –ido ar>>ado = cerrado comer>> ido= comido viv ido = vivido ir>> NOTE: As in English, in Spanish there are irregular past participles that you have to memorize. ha han Here’s the verb HABER conjugated:

2. INFINITIVEPAST PARTICIPLE ABRIRABIERTO DECIRDICHO ESCRIBIRESCRITO FREIRFRITO HACERHECHO MORIRMUERTO PONERPUESTO REVOLVERREVUELTO ROMPERROTO VERVISTO VOLVERVUELTO Verbs with irregular past participles:

3. In English our present perfect is formed like this: to have + verb ending in –ed ex: I have walked. Irregular: I have spoken. However, sometimes present perfect in Spanish translates into English as our past: you walked, you spoke, you didn’t walk, you didn’t speak, did you walk?, did you speak?

4. ¿Los jovenes han parado de bailar? No,no han parado de bailar. Todavía están bailando. Have the kids stopped dancing?

5. ¿Ya ha terminado de cantar la niña? No, no ha terminado. Todavía está cantando. Has the girl finished singing yet?

6. ¿El perro ha comido su comida? No, no la ha comido. Está comiendo la tarea en su lugar. Never put any word between the form of haber and the past participle. Did the dog eat his food?

7. ¿Se ha dormido? No, no se ha dormido. Está pensando. Did he fall asleep yet?

8. ¿Se ha relajado el ratón? No, no se ha relajado. Sigue corriendo. Has the mouse relaxed?