1. Exercises 3-6: Review & Practice 1

2. Exercise 3 (Microscopy) 2

3. The microscope Care and use of the microscope-- Be familiar with parts of the microscope. For example--Identify following parts: Rotating nosepiece, Condenser, and Iris diaphragm (See next slide) 3

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5. ID the component of a microscope 1.______ used for precise focusing once initial focusing has been done 2.______ delivers a concentrated beam of light to the specimen 3.______ carries the objective lenses; rotates so that the different objective lenses can be brought into position over the specimen 4.______ Used to increase the amount of light passing through the specimen 5.______ platform on which the slide rests for viewing 5 Choose from: A--condenser; B--fine adjustment knob; C--iris diaphragm; D--mechanical stage; E-- nosepiece Practice01

6. Viewing objects through microscope 1.Move the slide to the left. In what direction does the image move? 2.Away from you― move toward you 3.Draw “e” on a slide― What would the image look like in the low-power field? 4.Draw “k” on a slide― Image? 5.Total magnification—power of the ocular lens multiplied by the power of the objective lens used. 6

7. Practice questions on microscopy 1.The distance from the bottom of the objective lens in use to the specimen is called the ___. 2.The area of the specimen seen when looking through the microscope is the ____. 3.Assume there is an object on the left side of the field that you want to bring to the center. In what direction would you move your slide? 4.If, after focusing in low power, only the fine adjustment need be used to focus the specimen at the higher powers, the microscope is said to be _______. 5.If a microscope has a 10X ocular and the total magnification at a aprticular time is 450X, the objective lens in use at that time is _____X. 7 Practice02

8. Exercise 4 (Epithelial Tissue) 8

9. Review 9

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12. Simple Epithelia 12

13. 1. Simple squamous epithelium Locations-- air sacs of lung, inner lining of blood vessels, lining of peritoneum, serous membrane of stomach and small intestine 13

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17. 2. Simple cuboidal epithelium Locations– kidney tubules, duct of pancreas, thyroid gland 17

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23. 3. Simple columnar epithelium Locations– inner lining of stomach and intestines, uterine tubes 23

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27. 4. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium Locations– Respiratory tract from nasal cavity to bronchi 27

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30. Stratified Epithelia-- Composed of more than one layer of cells & named for shape of surface cells 30

31. 5. Stratified squamous epithelium Locations– Epidermis, palms and soles; tongue, esophagus, vagina 31

32. 32 § 5A. Keratinized Stratified Squamous Layers of epithelium covered with compact, dead squamous cells (no nuclei) packed with protein keratin Retards water loss, prevents entrance of organisms Forms epidermal layer of skin (esp. soles and palms) Fig. 5.8 Skin fromthe sole of the foot

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34. 34 § 5B.Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous Multilayered epithelium that lacks surface layer of dead cells forming moist, slippery layer Locations: tongue, oral mucosa, esophagus & vagina Epithelial layer Fig. 5.9 Mucosa of the vagina

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36. 6. Stratified cuboidal epithelium Locations– Sweat gland ducts, ducts of the esophageal gland, follicles of ovaries, seminiferous tubules of testis 36

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41. 41 § 6. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium (Structure) Two or more layers of cells; surface cells square or round (Functions) Secretion and production (Locations; ducts of) Sweat gland, ovarian follicles Fig. Ovarianfollicles

42. 7. Stratified columnar epithelium Locations– Male urethra and in ducts of some large glands 42

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45. 8. Transitional epithelium Locations– urinary tract, ureter, bladder, umbilical cord 45

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48. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Connective tissue (b) Basement membrane Binucleate epithelial cell Fig. 5.11b 48

49. Figure 5.11a 49

50. Figure 5.11b 50

51. Practice 51

52. ID#1 -- ID this type of epithelium and name ONE representative location. 52

53. 53 ID#2 -- ID this type of epithelium and name ONE representative location.

54. 54 ID#3 -- ID this type of epithelium and name ONE representative location.

55. ID#4 -- ID this type of epithelium and name ONE representative location. 55

56. 56 ID#5 -- ID this type of epithelium and name ONE representative location.

57. ID#6 – ID this type of epithelium and name ONE representative location. 57

58. 58 ID#7 -- ID this type of epithelium and name ONE representative location.

59. Exercise 5 (Connective Tissue) 59

60. Review 60

61. 61 §1-- Areolar Tissue Loose arrangement of collagenous and elastic fibers; scattered cell types; abundant ground substance Locations-- Underlying all epithelia; surrounding nerves, blood vessels, esophagus, trachea Fig. Mesentery

62. Figure 5.16b Fig. Adipose tissue 62 §2-- Adipose tissue

63. 63 §3-- Reticular Tissue Loose network of reticular fibers and cells Forms structural supportive stroma for lymphatic organs Locations-- lymph nodes, spleen, thymus & bone marrow Fig. Spleen

64. 64 §4-- Dense Regular CT Fig. Tendon

65. 65 §5-- Dense Irregular CT Fig. Dermis of the skin

66. Figure 5.19b Fig. Fetal skeleton 66 §6– Hyaline Cartilage

67. Figure 5.20b Fig. External ear 67 §7– Elastic Cartilage

68. Figure 5.21b Fig. Intervertebral disc 68 §8– Fibro- cartilage

69. Fig. Compact bone 69 Canaliculi ? §9– Bone

70. Practice 70

71. 71 ID#8 -- ID this type of C.T. and name ONE representative location.

72. Figure 5.15b ID#9 -- ID this type of C.T. and name ONE representative location. 72

73. Figure 5.16b 73 ID#10 -- ID this type of C.T. and name ONE representative location.

74. ID#11 -- ID this type of C.T. and name ONE representative location. 74

75. Figure 5.19b 75 ID#12 -- ID this type of cartilage and name ONE representative location of this type of connective tissue.

76. ID#13 -- ID this type of cartilage and name ONE representative location of this type of connective tissue. 76

77. ID#14 – ID this type of cartilage and name ONE representative location of this type of connective tissue. 77

78. ID#15 – ID tiny “holes” (A), hair like structure (B), and (C) indicated respectively by arrows. 78 A C B

79. Exercise 6 (Integumentary System) 79

80. Review 80

81. Skin model 81 A–Epidermis; B—Dermis; C—Hypodermis; 1– Meissner’s corpuscle; 2– Pacinian corpuscle; 3– Eccrine sweat gland; 4– Sebaceous gland; 5– Hair follicle; 6– Arrector pili muscle Skin Model

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83. Meissner’s corpuscle 83

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85. Dark skin with lots of melanin 85

86. 86 Thick skin– Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

87. Practice 87

88. Figure 6.1 ID#16 – Name the major function of this structure (circled). 88

89. ID#17 —ID this specific type of receptor (circled) and name its function in the skin. 89

90. Figure 6.1 ID#18– ID this connective tissue layer braced in black ink below. 90

91. ID#19 -- ID this layer (pale appearance) that is indicated by the red arrow and the red brace. ID#20 -- ID this layer (dark brown color) that is indicated by the black arrow and the black brace. The epidermis 91

92. ID#21--ID this cutaneous gland. 92

93. ID#22 – ID the indicated structure. 93

94. ID#23 – ID the indicated structure. 94