1. Implementing the Northern Spotted Owl Conservation Strategy for the Klickitat HCP Planning Unit Scott D. McLeod Washington State Department of Natural Resources

2. WA Department of Natural Resources Manage lands to produce revenue for designated beneficiaries Manage lands to produce revenue for designated beneficiaries 2.1 million acres of forestland 2.1 million acres of forestland FY2007 and FY2008 revenues from timber sales exceeded $200,000,000 FY2007 and FY2008 revenues from timber sales exceeded $200,000,000 All species Habitat Conservation Plan All species Habitat Conservation Plan Loop Timber Sale post-thinning

3. HCP Conservation Objective Provide habitat that makes a significant contribution to: demographic support, demographic support, maintenance of species distribution and maintenance of species distribution and facilitation of dispersal. facilitation of dispersal.

4. Issues With Original HCP Strategy Some designated NRF areas not ecologically suited for growing habitat Some designated NRF areas not ecologically suited for growing habitat Forest health issues Forest health issues Adjacent landowners managing habitat in ways not anticipated in the mid-1990s Adjacent landowners managing habitat in ways not anticipated in the mid-1990s

5. Ecological Underpinnings Recognize potential conflicts between habitat targets and natural disturbance processes Recognize potential conflicts between habitat targets and natural disturbance processes Acknowledge that forest health problems are destroying habitat regardless of protection efforts Acknowledge that forest health problems are destroying habitat regardless of protection efforts Understanding the role of succession and the transitory nature of designated habitat Understanding the role of succession and the transitory nature of designated habitat Active management is required Active management is required

6. Adaptive Management More historic forest cover types More historic forest cover types Active management at landscape level to promote habitat development Active management at landscape level to promote habitat development Shifted habitat requirement to landscapes where NRF habitat can be grown & sustained Shifted habitat requirement to landscapes where NRF habitat can be grown & sustained Provided specific nest site protection Provided specific nest site protection Retain large legacies Retain large legacies Address forest health issues Address forest health issues

7. Silvicultural Prescriptions The art and science of managing forests to accomplish objectives The art and science of managing forests to accomplish objectives Rotational prescriptions with threshold targets: Rotational prescriptions with threshold targets: – Meaningful – Measurable – Use caution with surrogates Identify post-harvest and expected future Identify post-harvest and expected future Stand average conditions and stand variability Stand average conditions and stand variability

8. HCP Landscape Strategy Use landscape units larger than WAUs Use landscape units larger than WAUs Conduct long-term planning Conduct long-term planning Focus on habitat development Focus on habitat development Manage for site potential based on plant association Manage for site potential based on plant association The Stand is the operational unit The Stand is the operational unit

9. HCP Habitat Development Strategy Stand management will be used to: Stand management will be used to: – Move young stands toward habitat more quickly – Enhance structural complexity of mid-age and older stands Final harvest prescriptions will retain important structure Final harvest prescriptions will retain important structure

10. HCP Desired Future Condition Strategy Re-name Dispersal Re-name Dispersal – Dispersal areas now called DFC areas – Habitat definition is same (40 trees per acre, 11 inches DBH, 50% canopy cover, 60 feet tall) – DFC management should create more complex, sustainable habitat Manage each vegetation series for 50% mature DFC by sub-landscape Manage each vegetation series for 50% mature DFC by sub-landscape

11. DFC Canopy closure of 60% Canopy closure of 60% 110 trees per acre 110 trees per acre >11” DBH >11” DBH top height of 100 feet. top height of 100 feet. Dispersal Canopy closure of 58%, Canopy closure of 58%, 135 trees per acre 135 trees per acre >11” DBH >11” DBH top height of 65 feet. top height of 65 feet.

12. Pre-ThinningPost-Thinning

13. Learning Process of Small Steps Western spruce budworm Western spruce budworm – multi-canopies – species composition Down woody debris levels Down woody debris levels – No real reduction in fire hazard – Lost revenue due to waiting too long Stand density still too high Stand density still too high – Little hope for seral species to establish – Competition too high for vigorous large trees

14. Stand Objectives and Natural Processes Consider site carrying capacity Consider site carrying capacity – One size won’t fit all Forest Health - sustainability Forest Health - sustainability – Targets should not inadvertently aggravate – Problematic conditions include: multi-story stands, shade tolerant species, over dense stands Caution when using point observations to set stand level target conditions Caution when using point observations to set stand level target conditions Pay attention to silvics Pay attention to silvics