1. Linguagens, Códigos e suas Tecnologias – Inglês Ensino Médio, 2º Ano Past Perfect

2. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

3. Introduction  Use the Past Perfect when you are already talking about the past, and want to talk about an earlier past action. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

4.  Use the Past Perfect Simple to talk about an action (or actions) that happened before another action in the past. When I saw him I realized I’d met him before. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

5. Grammar in use: Form: had + past participle LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

6. Make sentences in the past perfect with had / hadn’t + past participle. The past perfect is the same for all persons. Be careful: I’d can be I had or I would. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

7. I You He She’d seen the film before. It We They Affirmative: Contractions: I’d = I had LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

8. I You He She hadn’t seen the film before. It We They Negative: I hadn’t = I had not LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

9. I you he Had she seen it before? Yes, she had. No, she hadn’t. we they Interrogative: Short answers LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

10. Examples with Past Perfect: Suddenly he remembered that he had seen the film before. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect Imagem: Mauritian man, looking, thinking, hope, victory, expectations wondering about the future/ Hussein Afzal/ Domínio Público. Imagem : A walk to remember 2002/Warner Bros. Pictures/http://www.imdb.com/media/rm1016629504/tt0281358.

11. I arrived at the coffee bar twenty minutes late and my friends had already gone. When I woke up the garden was all white. It had snowed during the night. I couldn’t get into my flat because I’d forgotten my keys. When our friends arrived we hadn’t finished cooking the dinner. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

12.  Past perfect refers to the past of the past. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect Imagem: Grammatical Tense - The Past perfect/ Robbiemuffin/GNU Free Documentation License.

13. He had already won a gold medal in the Pan American Games when he won a gold medal in the Olympic Games. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect Imagem: Vincent Hancock wins Olympic gold/ The U.S. Army/ Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license.

14. She had broken the South American record when she won gold medal in the Pan American Games. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect Imagem: Nancy Johnson/ Tech. Sgt. Robert A. Whitehead, U.S. Air Force/ Governo Federal dos E.U.A./Domínio Público.

15. Past Perfect Progressive LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

16. Narrative tense  Use the past perfect progressive or continuous to talk about a longer continuous action that was going on before the specific time in the past when the main events of the story happened. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

17. Form: had + past participle (to be) + verb + ing Active Grammar I was exhausted because I’d been working all day. She went to the doctor because she hadn’t been feeling well. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

18. Past Perfect Progressive LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect Katie had been practicing for weeks before the concert. The past perfect progressive tense describes an action that started in the past and continued up until another time in the past. Imagem: Sarah Beth Briggs/ Clive Barda/ GNU Free Documentation License

19. When I arrived, the teacher had been speaking for an hour. Examples: We had been waiting for the bus for half an hour when it started to rain heavily. When my father arrived from work, we had already been dinning. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

20. Completed action before something in the past. Grammar Summary about the Past Perfect: The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect PAST PRESENT FUTURE

21. Examples: I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai. I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet. Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times. Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand? She only understood the movie because she had read the book. Kristine had never been to an opera before last night. We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not booked in advance. A: Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 2006? B: Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

22. Use 2: Duration before something in the past. Non-continuous verbs.  With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect PAST PRESENT FUTURE

23. Examples: We had had that car for ten years before it broke down. By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years. They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it for more than forty years. Although the above use of Past Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach," and "study" are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

24.  IMPORTANT Specific Times with the Past Perfect. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect PAST PRESENT FUTURE

25. Example: She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.  Unlike with the Present Perfect, it is possible to use specific time words or phrases with the Past Perfect. Although this is possible, it is usually not necessary. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

26. MOREOVER If the Past Perfect action did occur at a specific time, the Simple Past can be used instead of the Past Perfect when "before" or "after" is used in the sentence. The words "before" and "after" actually tell you what happens first, so the Past Perfect is optional. For this reason, both sentences below are correct. Examples: She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996. She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

27. HOWEVER HOWEVER LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect However: PAST PRESENT FUTURE

28.  If the Past Perfect is not referring to an action at a specific time, Past Perfect is not optional. Compare the examples below. Here Past Perfect is referring to a lack of experience rather than an action at a specific time. For this reason, Simple Past cannot be used. Examples: She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not Correct She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. Correct LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

29. The end. LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio Past Perfect

30. Tabela de Imagens n° do slide direito da imagem como está ao lado da fotolink do site onde se consegiu a informaçãoData do Acesso 10aA walk to remember 2002/Warner Bros. Pictures/http://www.imdb.com/media/rm10 16629504/tt0281358. http://www.imdb.com/media/rm1016629504/tt02 81358 13/09/2012 10bMauritian man, looking, thinking, hope, victory, expectations wondering about the future/ Hussein Afzal/ Domínio Público http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thinking_ man.jpg 13/09/2012 12Grammatical Tense - The Past perfect/ Robbiemuffin/GNU Free Documentation License http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EGG_Past _perfect.svg 13/09/2012 13Vincent Hancock wins Olympic gold/ The U.S. Army/ Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_ Hancock_wins_Olympic_gold.jpg 13/09/2012 14Nancy Johnson/ Tech. Sgt. Robert A. Whitehead, U.S. Air Force/ Governo Federal dos E.U.A./Domínio Público http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nancy_Jo hnson.jpg 17/09/2012 18Sarah Beth Briggs/ Clive Barda/ GNU Free Documentation License http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sarah_Be th_Briggs_playing_the_piano_Ref_no_100929_006 9_briggs_lradj.jpg 17/09/2012