1. MATURITA TOPICS The United Kingdom_General facts I_05
ANJ_Maturita
MATURITA TOPICS The United Kingdom_General facts I_05
Mgr. Filip Soviš

2. Anotace
Materiál nastiňuje základní obecná fakta k maturitnímu tématu The United Kingdom. Část první. Umožňuje použití pro samostatnou práci. Je možné jej poskytnou nepřítomným žákům.
Autor
Mgr. Filip Soviš (Autor)
Jazyk
Angličtina
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The United Kingdom, General facts I
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3. The United Kingdom & London
PART I
Basic Facts
Parts, Symbols
Kingdom & Royal Family
History
Political System
Other

4. The United Kingdom & London
What basic facts do you know about the UK?
north‑west Europe on the island of GB and the northern part of Ireland
a constitutional monarchy = a parliament and a monarch
temperate climate (wet weather)
the national flag called the Union Jack
divided into counties
in 1931 The British Commonwealth of Nations = GB and its former colonies in Europe, Asia, Africa and America (e.g. Malta, India, Malaysia)
the Queen the formal head in 16 dominions (e.g. Canada, A&NZ)
member of NATO, UNESCO and the EU
driving on the left, original currency, old measuring units (miles, feet, pounds etc.)

5. The United Kingdom & London
Divide the UK into some parts.
Name the capital cities of these parts.
Four countries:
England (London)
Scotland (Edinburgh)
Wales (Cardiff)
Northern Ireland (Belfast)

6. The United Kingdom & London
What are the best known symbols of the UK?
the St. George's cross (usually seen as a flag)
the Union Flag (also referred to as the Union Jack) = the Flag of England, the Flag of Scotland and Saint Patrick's Flag in 1801, Wales is not represented in the Union Flag
the national anthem: "God Save the King" ("King" replaced with "Queen" in the lyrics whenever the monarch is a woman)
the Royal Coat of Arms: symbols representing England, Scotland and Ireland (the Sovereign's motto, the lion and the unicorn)

7. The United Kingdom & London
Can you tell me something more specific about each of the four countries?
England
the largest of the countries
a unified state in AD 927 (name after the Angles  England)
the seat of political power (The Houses of Parliament and Buckingham Palace)
1707 the Acts of Union  union with the Kingdom of Scotland
1801 another Act of Union  GB united with the Kingdom of Ireland
the mountainous Lake District, Pennines
Liverpool (the Beatles), Manchester, Oxford and Cambridge (universities), Stonehenge (the mysterious stone formation)

8. The United Kingdom & London
Wales
official language Welsh but English more widely spoken
Plaid Cymru [plaɪd ˈkəmrɨ] = The Party of Wales (political party; independent Welsh state)
largely mountainous (Snowdon - 1,085m)
rugby is a popular sport
Northern Ireland
for many years a violent inter-communal conflict = the Troubles
in 1998 the Good Friday Agreement = NI largely self-governing
industrialised region
athletes from Northern Ireland may compete for either GB or Ireland at the Olympic Games

9. The United Kingdom & London
Scotland
apart from English, Scottish Gaelic spoken
Edinburgh (capital, Holyrood House, Royal Mile leading to the Castle)
Glasgow (the biggest Scottish city)
the symbol + the patron saint: thistle + St Andrew
typical instrument + dress: the pipe + a pleated tartan kilt
quite mountainous: the Caledonian Mountains, the Grampians (Ben Nevis)
rivers: the Clyde, the Tweed
lakes ("lochs"): Loch Fyne, Loch Lomond, Loch Ness
traditional sports: tossing the caber, curling, tossing the hammer, a tug-of-war

10. The United Kingdom & London
What do you know about the history of the UK?
the Celts (3000 years ago)
55 BC the Romans (Hadrian's Wall, Christianity, name Britannia)
5th cent. the Germanic tribes of the Angles (England), Saxons and Jutes
9th cent. Vikings
William the Conqueror the Battle of Hastings 1066  French
in 1215 King John signed the Magna Carta  the parliamentary system
the War of Roses
Henry VIII ( , the Church of England, six wives)
Elizabeth I, ( , 1st English colony in North Am called Virginia)
1642–1649 a Civil War (Oliver Cromwell  England a republic)
Queen Victoria ( , continuous and stable nature of GB)
legends:
King Arthur and The Knights of the Round Table
Robin Hood (robbed the rich and gave to the poor)

11. The United Kingdom & London
What political system is there in Britain?
What does the British Parliament consist of?
a constitutional monarchy with the Queen Elizabeth II
run by the government (the Prime Minister: David Cameron)
in Northern Ireland, the sovereign is represented by a governor
the Parliament: the sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons
the House of Lords (the Upper House; adopt laws, Lord Chancellor; hereditary members and lifetime peers, archbishops and bishops)
the House of Commons (the Lower House; 650 elected and paid members = MPs; every 5 years)
the Shadow Cabinet (the main opposition party)
in 1999 the first time in 300 years that Scotland has had its own parliament

12. The United Kingdom & London
Who is the head of the monarchy, what do you know about the British royal family?
close relatives of the monarch of the United Kingdom
the House of Windsor since 1917
His or Her Majesty (HM), or His or Her Royal Highness (HRH)
the Queen:
title: "Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the UK of GB and Northern Ireland"; surname: when necessary = "Windsor"
official royal residences: Buckingham Palace (home), Windsor Castle, St. James Palace
doesn't need: a passport or a driving licence
8 grandchildren (Prince William, Duke of Cambridge; Prince Henry of Wales)

13. Bibliografické citace
BRIDGE. Great Britain [online] [cit ]. Soubor typu PDF. Dostupné z: BURNIE, Glen a Rob RAESIDE. Flags of the World. CRW Flags' Online Catalog [online] , [cit ]. Dostupné z: ILIFF, David. Derwent Water, Lake District, Cumbria - June 2009 [online] [cit ]. Obrázek typu JPEG, Creative Commons. Dostupné z: SMITH-DLUHÁ, Gabrielle. Angličtina: otázky a odpovědi nejen k maturitě. 1. vyd. Dubicko: INFOA, 2007, 231 s. Zrcadlový text. ISBN