2. When? 1300s (14 th century) Where? Northern Italy Later in Northern Europe Why? What was happening in Europe in the 1300s? IT ALL STARTED…

3. French term meaning “rebirth” or “reawakening” Vasari first to use the term Artist using it to describe the art of “rare men of genius” Term came to be used for many aspects of life not just art Rebirth of what? Interests in Classical civilizations Rome and Greece THE MEANING OF IT

4. Not affected by 100 Years War Close to Rome Reminder of the Classical civilization Universities Full of scholars studying many different things Lots of money WHY N. ITALY?

5. Led the way in the Renaissance Money from shipping/trade Merchants and bankers had control of papal banking Put money into industries in the city to help the economy City-states led by signori One man ruled, handed rule down to son FLORENCE

6. Social Political Economic ALL ABOUT CHANGE

7. Found among the upper class/nobility Individualism Humanism Secularism We will look at these and how they relate to the Middle Ages NEW ATTITUDES

8. Middle Ages Attitude: Focus on the parish, group, conformity to those around you, consensus Individualism “I am unique/important” People not afraid to be different Individual success/glory was good Brought about individual portrait, autobiography INDIVIDUALISM

9. Middle Ages Attitude: Purpose of study was to know God Source of study was the Bible Humanism Purpose of study is to know man Source of information was the Classics (Greek and Roman lit.) “Man can do all things”…”Human potential is limitless” HUMANISM

10. Father of Humanism First to consider Greek and Roman culture as the source of all culture Vatican library planned, built to preserve the Classic texts PETRARCH

11. Middle Ages Attitude: Religion, the soul, salvation, heaven Secularism Focus on the here and now Worldly possessions, money, luxuries are okay SECULARISM

12. Lorenzo Valla “On Pleasure” Defends pleasure as the highest good Boccaccio “The Decameron” Stories of people fleeing the plague, sexual misconduct, economic misconduct SECULAR AUTHORS

13. New forms of writing “How to” books “The Courtier” by Castiglione How to be a gentleman Fight Dance Recite poetry Speak well Know the Classics MORE THAN NEW ATTITUDES

14. “The Prince” How to gain, keep, use power Political action cannot be judged by morality “ends justify the means” It is better to be feared than loved Agree? MACHIAVELLI

15. Felt that the Romans knew how to act in the best interest of the whole empire Believed that it was better to use force to get people to do what you want They will fear you and not want to disappoint Now go read some of “The Prince” and complete the writing assignment that is posted as well MACHIAVELLI