1. Skills and Models of Reflection Life Long Learning Project for Health Care Scientist and Allied Health Professionals

2. Introduction This presentation focuses on Reflection on action;& Considers a number of models, or frameworks for Reflective practice.

3. Reflection in action means: “To think about what one is doing whilst one is doing it; it is typically stimulated by surprise, by something which puzzled the practitioner concerned” (Greenwood, 1993).

4. Reflection on Action means : “The process of creating and clarifying the meanings of experiences in terms of self in relation to both self and world. The outcome of this process is changed conceptual perspectives” (Boyd & Fales, 1983pp101

5. Bortons` (1970) Framework Guiding Reflective Activities: Returning to the situation (What happened?) Understanding the context (So what did you learn?) Modifying future outcomes (Now what should I do in the future?) What So What Now What

6. Paolo Freire: What did I do? What does this mean? How do I come to be like this? How might I do things differently? Re construct DescribeInformConfront

7. Institute of Personnel and Development What did you do and why ? What did you learn from it ? How will you use this ?

8. Pedler, Burgoyne, Boydell Stage 1: Description of the event Stage 2: Feelings and thoughts Stage 3: Evaluation Stage 4: Analysis Stage 5: Conclusion Stage 6: Action Plan What happened? What were my responses? What did I actually do? How do I feel about that? What have I learnt from it? What am I going to do next?

9. Gibbs Reflective Cycle Stage 1: What happened? Stage 2: What were my responses? Stage 3 What did I actually do? Stage 4 How do I feel about that? Stage 5 What have I learned from it? Stage 6 What am I going to do next? What happened? What were You thinking feeling ? What was Good/bad? What sense can you make of it? Conclusions Action

10. Johns Model of Structure Reflection What information do I need to access in order to learn from the experience? Five phases with Cue Questions –Description of the experience; –Reflection; –Influencing factors; –Could I have dealt with the situation better; –Learning. Describe Reflect Influencing factors Dealt with any better? Learning