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Published byMiguel Knoll Modified over 10 years ago
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Tissues Tissues – group of similar cell types that perform a common function The human body has four basic types of tissue: Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous
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Tissues – Epithelial Tissue
Epithelium is tightly packed sheets of cells that line organs and outer surfaces, as well as the insides of hollow organs, vessels, and body cavities.
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Epithelial Tissue Epithelia are typically anchored on one face, but free on another The free side is typically exposed to the environment of body fluids Can be single layer or many layers thick Function in protection, secretion, and absorption Epithelial cells are continuously sloughing off and are replaced by cell division
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Tissues – Epithelial Tissue
Many organs are lined with epithelial tissue
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Tissues – Epithelial Tissue
Many organs are lined with epithelial tissue Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue – inside your cheek, skin cells
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Tissues – Epithelial Tissue
Many organs are lined with epithelial tissue Simple Cuboidal Epithelial Tissue – kidney tubule cells
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Tissues – Epithelial Tissue
Many organs are lined with epithelial tissue Simple Columnar Epithelial Tissue – large intestine
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Tissues – Epithelial Tissue
Many organs are lined with epithelial tissue Ciliated Pseudostratified Columar Epithelial Tissue - trachea
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Tissues– Connective Tissue
Loosely organized and composed of cells embedded in a matrix Matrix is composed of protein fibers and ground substance Usually binds organs or tissues to one another
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Tissues – Connective Tissue
Six different types: Loose connective tissue Adipose tissue Blood Fibrous connective tissue Cartilage Bone
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Tissues – Connective Tissue
Loose connective tissue Most widespread tissue in animal body Matrix composed of collagen and elastin fibers It is called “loose” because of the fibers that are loosely woven together Binds epithelia to tissues, pads the skin, and holds organs in place
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Loose connective tissue
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Tissues – Connective Tissue
Adipose tissue Also called fat Connects skin to underlying structures, pads organs Used for storage of energy (fat) Primarily cells; small amount of matrix
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Adipose tissue
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Tissues – Connective Tissue
Blood Cellular component, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets Matrix is the plasma Functions include carrying oxygen and nutrients; fighting infection
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Blood
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Blood
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Blood
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Tissues – Connective Tissue
Fibrous connective tissue Forms tendons and ligaments Matrix is densely packed collagen fibers running in parallel.
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Fibrous connective tissue
Nuclei of fibroblasts
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Tissues – Connective Tissue
Cartilage Cellular component chondrocytes Chondrocytes secrete own matrix Cartilage cushions joints, forms support for ears and nose Not vascularized, so takes a long time to heal if injured
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Cartilage
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Damaged Cartilage
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Tissues – Connective Tissue
Bone Rigid connective tissue Osteoblasts secrete matrix that is composed of collagen fibers and calcium salts Osteocytes maintain the hardened bone matrix Body can make use of calcium from bones if dietary levels are too low
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Bone
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Tissues – Muscle Tissue
Skeletal Muscle Usually attached to bone Produces all voluntary movements Striated Long, thin, cylindrical shape
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Striated (Skeletal) Muscle Tissue
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Smooth Muscle Smooth muscle Not striated and involuntary
Musculature of organs, blood vessels, digestive tract Contracts more slowly and for longer than skeletal muscle 31
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Cardiac Muscle
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Tissues – Nervous Tissue
Neurons conduct electrical signals and compose the cells of the brain and spinal cord Main functions of neurons are to: Sense stimuli Process stimuli Transmit signals Most cells of nervous system do not undergo cell division
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Tissues – Nervous Tissue
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Nervous Tissue
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Tissues – Tissue Donation
One person’s tissues can improve the lives of as many as 50 people. Injuries from motor vehicle accidents, burst blood vessels, and drowning are common causes of brain death. Once dead, brain cells cannot recover. Brain dead is different than being in a coma or vegetative state. Tissues can be treated to remove any proteins that a person’s immune system may react to so there is no need for donor matching.
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Tissues – Tissue Donation
Types of tissues Corneas Eye tissue Skin Bones Tendons Veins Heart valves
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