1. Characteristics of Living Things

2. Characteristics of Living Things
Made of Cells
unicellular vs.. multicellular
Red Blood cells
Onion skin epidermal cells
Human cheek cells

3. Characteristics of Living Things
2. Grows and develops
Increase in cell size and/or number
Includes: development, aging, death
Differentiation – cell specialization for a certain job

4. Characteristics of Living Things
3. Obtains & uses Energy
Metabolism (sum of all chemical reactions)
Anabolism- simple to complex
(build –up rxns.)
Catabolism – complex to simple
(break-down rxns.)
Heterotrophic (other feeding)
vs. autotrophic (self-feeding)

5. Characteristics of Living Things
4. Reproduces
two kinds of reproduction:
- asexual – takes one
to make more
- sexual – takes two

6. Characteristics of Living Things
5. Responds to the Environment
a. Movement – internal or external
b. Irritability - ability to respond to
a stimulus
Examples of stimuli : sight, sound, touch, pressure, temperature, chemicals, color, light, other?
c. Adaptability

7. Taxonomy
A. Definition = science of naming things & assigning them to groups

8. Taxonomy B. Why have a classification system?
1. Single, universal name
2. Avoid confusion
3. Understand how living things are
related to one another

9. Taxonomy
What are the FIVE common names of this animal?

10. Taxonomy Mountain Lion Cougar Puma (Florida) Panther Catamount
Rocky Mountain resident
Florida resident

11. Taxonomy
¿Wouldn’t it be confusing if we didn’t have a scientific name?
Felis concolor = scientific name of the
mountain lion
Genus species

12. C. Examples of classification systems:
Taxonomy
C. Examples of classification systems:
1. Dewey decimal system – library
2. Sections of store – music store
3. Periodic Table of elements Chemistry
4. Others?

13. Taxonomy D. Binomial nomenclature System of scientific naming
Developed by Carolus Linnaeus
(Swedish botanist) in 1750s
Two part scientific name Genus and species
Must be underlined or in italics
In Latin (dead language of scholars)

14. Taxonomy E. Example : Homo sapiens (wise man) 1. Scientific name
for human beings
2. Homo = genus
(capitalized & underlined)
3. sapiens = species
(underlined, but NOT
capitalized)

15. Taxonomy F. Definition of species = 1. breed successfully  viable,
fertile offspring
2. unique features similar to others of
same species
3. have similar DNA to other species
members

16. Taxonomy G. 7 Taxa of living things ( taxon = group) Kingdom (kings)
Phylum (play)
Class (chess)
Order (on)
Family (fine)
Genus (green)
Species (silk)

17. Taxonomy H. Kingdom is least specific, largest group
I. Species is most specific,
contains only one kind of organism

18. Taxonomy J. An example: Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
Order Primates
Family Hominidae
Genus Homo
Species sapiens

19. K. Other Systems of Classification
Cladograms

20. K. Other Systems of Classification
2. Three Domain System

21. Taxonomy L. ¿ What determines how something is classified? 1. DNA
2. Structure

22. Taxonomy
3. Embryology & development

23. Taxonomy L. ☺There are 6 kingdoms of living things 1. Archaebacteria
2. Eubacteria
3. Protista
4. Fungi
5. Plantae
6. Animalia

24. Taxonomy M. Definitions Prokaryotic = does not have a
nucleus to contain its DNA
Eukaryotic – has a membrane–bound
nucleus

25. Taxonomy N. Unicellular Prokaryotic
1. Archaebacteria –ancient bacteria
2. Eubacteria – most bacteria
Eukaryotic
3. Protista – single-celled
O. Multicellular
4. Fungi – e.g. mushrooms
5. Plantae - plants
6. Animalia - animals