1. Cells Review Questions

2. What is the function of the nucleus?
Organelles #1
What is the function of the nucleus?
Answer: Store DNA and control the cell

3. Which cell organelle packages proteins and sends them out of the cell?
Organelles #2
Which cell organelle packages proteins and sends them out of the cell?
Answer: the Golgi Apparatus

4. Which organelle modifies proteins and sends them through the cell?
Organelles #3
Which organelle modifies proteins and sends them through the cell?
Answer: the Endoplasmic Reticulum

5. Organelles #4
Which organelles make proteins? and Where can you find them (2 places)?
Answer: the ribosomes, attached to the rough ER or floating around the cell

6. What is the function of the mitochondria?
Organelles #5
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Answer: to supply chemical energy (ATP) to the cell

7. What does the first reaction in photosynthesis require?
Answer: light energy (light-dependent reaction)

8. What is the product of photosynthesis?
Answer: sugar (glucose)

9. Which organelle does photosynthesis?
Answer: the Chloroplasts

10. Which type of cells can do photosynthesis?
Answer: plant cells

11. What does a plant need to take in to do photosynthesis?
Answer: carbon dioxide and water

12. Cellular Respiration #1
Which organelle gets energy for the cell?
Answer: the Mitochondria

13. Cellular Respiration #2
What type of energy molecules does cellular respiration produce?
Answer: ATP

14. Cellular Respiration #3
What type of sugar do mitochondria break down to make ATP?
Answer: Glucose

15. Cellular Respiration #4
Does the Kreb’s Cycle require oxygen to happen? (Is it aerobic?)
Answer: yes

16. Cellular Respiration #5
Which process happens when there is no oxygen in the cell? (Anaerobic)
Answer: Fermentation

17. Osmosis and Membranes #1
The cell membrane allows small molecules, like water and oxygen, to pass through it. Other molecules are blocked. What is this type of membrane called?
Answer: Semi-permeable

18. Osmosis and Membranes #2
Which type of macromolecule makes up membranes?
Answer: Phospholipids (lipids)

19. Osmosis and Membranes #3
The process of water moving through a membrane to balance concentrations is called…
Answer: Osmosis

20. Osmosis and Membranes #4
What would happen to a cell full of fresh water if we put it in salt water?
Answer: the water would go out of
the cell and the cell would shrink

21. Osmosis and Membranes #5
Which types of cells have membranes?
Answer: Both plant and animal cells
(plants also have cell walls)

22. Mitosis and Meiosis #1
Which process do cells go through to make an identical copy of themselves?
Answer: mitosis

23. What do we call the daughter cells produced through meiosis?
Mitosis and Meiosis #2
What do we call the daughter cells produced through meiosis?
Answer: gametes or sex cells

24. Mitosis and Meiosis #3
What do we call cells that have a two copies of each chromosome? (46 in humans)
Answer: diploid

25. How many chromosomes are there in a haploid human cell?
Mitosis and Meiosis #4
How many chromosomes are there in a haploid human cell?
Answer: 23

26. Mitosis and Meiosis #5
In mitosis and meiosis, how many times does the DNA replicate and how many times does the cell divide?
Answer:
Mitosis – replicates once, divides once
Meiosis – replicates once, divides twice