1. The Cell
Part 3

2. Organelles - Vacuoles Stores water, salts, proteins and carbohydrates
Plants often have a single large vacuole filled with liquid – the pressure provided by this gives plants strength to support leaves, flowers, etc.
Some single cell organisms have vacuoles
Some animal cells have vacuoles

4. Organelles - Vacuoles
Vacuoles would be the storage area (warehouse) of the factory
Paramecium have a contractile vacuole which can contract and pump water out of the cell to maintain a controlled internal environment (homeostasis)

6. Organelles - Mitochondria
Convert chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are easier for cells to use.
Has an outer membrane and an inner membrane as an enclosure
The inner membrane is folded up inside the mitochondria

8. Organelles - Mitochondria
In humans, nearly all of our mitochondria come from the cytoplasm from our mother’s egg cell
The mitochondria is like the power plant that supplies the factory with electricity

9. Organelles - Chloroplasts
Found in plants and a few other organisms
Capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis
Surrounded by 2 membranes (like mitochondria)
Contains chlorophyll – a green pigment
Chloroplasts are like solar power plants in a factory

11. Organelles – Cytoskeleton
Acts as the support structure and transportation system of the cell
The cytoskeleton is like the steel beams and concrete columns that hold up the factory building.

12. Organelles - Cytoskeleton
Made up of protein filaments
Microfilaments – threadlike structures made of a protein called actin. Provide a tough, flexible framework that supports the cell. (Amoebas assemble & disassemble microfilaments as a source of movement.)
Microtubules – hollow structures made up of proteins called tubulins. They help maintain cell shape and help to separate chromosomes in cell division.

14. Organelles - Cytoskeleton
In animal cells (not plant cells) centrioles are structures in the nucleus made of tubulin that help organize cell division
Microtubules also help build cilia and flagella which help with cell movement
In cilia, specifically, the microtubules are arranged in a 9+2 pattern