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2. 2 Data, Cyberinfrastructure, and Interoperability: Highlights from Infrastructure Studies Florence Millerand, Karen S. Baker, David Ribes *Florence: Find pictures to represent infrastructure, data, interop, ocean… IOD Luncheon - April 27, 2006

3. 3 Comparative Interoperability project NSF/Human and Social dynamics (2004-2007) interoperability.ucsd.edu Geoffrey C. Bowker Center for Science, Technology & Society Santa Clara University Karen S. Baker Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California, San Diego Florence Millerand LCHC/Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California, San Diego David Ribes Sociology/Science Studies University of California, San Diego SSHRC CRSH

4. 4 IOD is integrative Science Studies is integrative too…

5. 5 Infrastructure studies is a research area that simultaneously addresses the technical, social and organizational aspects of the development, usage, and maintenance of infrastructures. Infrastructure Studies Infrastructure is a broad category referring to pervasive enabling resources e.g. computational services, help desks, and data repositories (eg Data Zoos). What we understand by infrastructure has consequences for how we design the support environments for scientific research.

6. 6 Social and organizational comparison of three scientific cyberinfrastructure (CI) projects with different interoperability strategies Funded CI Project for the geo-sciences Ontologies Established Project for ecological sciences Metadata Standard Nascent Information infrastructure for the ocean sciences based at SIO Learning Environment Activity Comparative Interoperability project NSF/Human and Social dynamics (2004-2007) interoperability.ucsd.edu

7. 7 Challenge of cyberinfrastructure building: Access to data and tools to use data across different informational settings. How is data shared across distributed organizations and heterogeneous disciplines? Background: -> Need for an tying together in a single plan a technical vision, a deep understanding of communities’ scientific goals, and the design of a supporting organization

8. 8 Methods Ethnography -interviews -document analysis -participant observation Cross Case Analysis (Grounded Theory) Institutional Analysis -organization of funding -ties to institutions of science -ties to institutions of Computer Science & Information Technology

9. 9 Collaborative design team for interoperability in Ocean Informatics New organization and distribution of work practices Community building Infrastructure building Caging the wild data, collaboratively CalCOFI CCE LTER PAL LTER LTER Network SCCOOS CDIP NOAA Fisheries

10. 10 Ocean Informatics Vision of Cyberinfrastructure Cyberinfrastructure is a nation-wide initiative to develop “infrastructure based upon use [and usefulness] of distributed computer, information and communication technologies” *HKarasti and KBaker, 2004. Infrastructuring for the Long-Term: Ecological Information Management. Hawaii International Conference for System Science Proceedings. HICSS38, IEEE Computer Society, 2004. *KSBaker, GBowker and HKarasti,2002. Designing an Infrastructure for Heterogeneity in Ecosystem Data, Collaborators, and Organizations.” Proceedings of the Second National Conference on Digital Government Research, pp 141-144

11. 11 Ocean Informatics Vision of Cyberinfrastructure Roles Practices Language Cyberinfrastructure is a nation-wide initiative to develop “infrastructure based upon use [and usefulness] of distributed computer, information and communication technologies” *HKarasti and KBaker, 2004. Infrastructuring for the Long-Term: Ecological Information Management. Hawaii International Conference for System Science Proceedings. HICSS38, IEEE Computer Society, 2004. *KSBaker, GBowker and HKarasti,2002. Designing an Infrastructure for Heterogeneity in Ecosystem Data, Collaborators, and Organizations.” Proceedings of the Second National Conference on Digital Government Research, pp 141-144

12. 12 Comparative Interoperability Project: http://interoperability.ucsd.edu