1. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES FOR QUIZ #1, Part 3 of 5 Directions: Place parentheses around each prepositional phrase (the number of phrases is given).

2. What is a PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE? It is a PHRASE, a chunk of words, that starts with a PREPOSITION. PrePOSITIONS often show position. They are anything a PLANE can do to a CLOUD. See your text for SO much more…. The dog IN THE WINDOW The boy AROUND THE BLOCK

3. See the list of PREPPIES in your text… Some that tell POSITION are: in, around, about, over, under, by, and on and on… There are just a few “funkies” – that a plane cannot do to a cloud – they are OF FOR FROM Otherwise – think POSITION. A chunk of words that show POSITION.

4. 1. One of the most sensitive design features on a printed circuit board is the plated hole. (2)

5. 1. One (of the most sensitive design features) (on a printed circuit board) is the plated hole. HINT: To find the end of a preppie phrase, as yourself OF WHAT (OF the most sensitive design features… ON WHAT? (ON a printed circuit board)

6. 2. Plated holes are used in printed circuit cards with little difficulty. (2)

7. 2. Plated holes are used (IN printed circuit cards) (WITH little difficulty. (2)

8. 3. They are the most common cause of product degradation. (1)

9. 3. They are the most common cause (OF product degradation). (1)

10. 4. Solder can wick through the holes of improperly designed models. (2)

11. 4. Solder can wick (THROUGH the holes) (OF improperly designed models). (2) Hint: THROUGH what? THROUGH the holes… OF what? OF improperly designed models

12. 5. Some of the subtleties of circuit hole fabrication should be considered by users. (3)

13. 5. Some (OF the subtleties) (OF circuit hole fabrication) should be considered (BY users). (3) Hint: The preppie phrase doesn’t end until you’ve finished the “OF what?” question… “OF circuit hole fabrication!” Don’t cut the answer short, or you will miss part of the preppie phrase…

14. Remember this: Preppies are ANYTHING a PLANE CAN DO TO A CLOUD The plane flew THROUGH the cloud, OVER the cloud, UNDER the cloud, etc. AND REMEMBER… Preppies MESS You UP. Repeat it please, “Preppies MESS You UP!” They do. They get in between your SUBJECT and your VERB and they mislead you. Often, they make you choose the wrong VERB, violating “Subject/Verb Agreement.” Long story short – ignore the Preppie when choosing a VERB. Read the SUBJECT ONLY with the VERB and you’ll HEAR the right VERB. You’ll see this in action in the following exercises…

15. Directions: In the following exercises, circle the correct verb in each sentence. Draw a line through the prepositional phrase between subject and verb.

16. 6. Every communication between teams and their owners (presents, present) a potential agreement.

18. 6. Every communication between teams and their owners (presents, present) a potential agreement. HINT: Say the NOUN and the VERB together – you’ll HEAR the correct answer: Every communication… presents!

19. 7. The potential for problems in construction (increases, increase) with the building’s size.

21. 8. A request for unusual construction or for unusual materials (is, are) asking for trouble.

23. 9. The lab technicians from my program (was, were) meeting in the conference room.

25. 10. The designer of our printed documentation (was, were) asked to outline a manual.

27. 11. Phone calls in the night (is, are) disturbing.

29. 12. Every day, hundreds of people (receives, receive) dreaded phone calls.

30. 12. Every day, hundreds of people (receives, receive) dreaded phone calls. HINT: The NOUN is HUNDREDS, not EVERY DAY. So… HUNDREDS … RECEIVE!

31. 13. The pictures of the graduates in the newspaper (is, are) from last spring.

33. 14. Scientists from around the world (has, have) been studying the effects of bereavement.

35. 15. One of the findings (is, are) that grieving people suffer changes in their immune systems.

37. 16. The relationship between the brain, mind, and body (is, are) being studied.

39. 17. People in America (doesn’t, don’t) always understand Japanese customs.

40. 17. People in America (doesn’t, don’t) always understand Japanese customs. HINT: To “hear” it, try “People DOES” versus “People DO” – you can always add the “n’t” later!

41. 18. The operating system on desktop computers (is, are) installed at the time of purchase.

43. 19. The directories on your computer (has, have) been changed.

45. 20. Companies with a stock option and a good benefit package (is, are) popular with graduates.