1. Table 1 Children who ate presweetened RTEC had lowest %overweight & obesity Anthropometric Parameter Breakfast Skipper Presweetened RTEC Non-presweet RTECOB (No RTEC) Children 2-5 years old(n = 90)(n = 530)(n = 242)(n = 803)P Weight (kg)18.3 ab ± 0.9 17.2 ab ±0.2 17.3 a ±0.3 17.7 b ±0.1 <0.05 Body Mass Index (kg/m2)17.0 ± 0.5 16.3±0.1 16.4±0.1 NS BMI Percentile (%)61.4 ± 4.2 57.8±2 59.2±2.5 59.1±1.5 NS Overweight/obesity (%)36.5 a ±6.7 22.3 b ±2.6 24.5 ab ±4.1 24.5 ab ±2.1 <0.05 Waist circumference (cm)53.9 ± 1.6 51.7±0.3 52.0±0.4 52.1±0.2 NS Triceps skinfold (mm)10.6 ± 0.5 10.0±0.2 9.8±0.2 10.1±0.2 NS Subscapular skinfold (mm)8.1 ± 0.9 6.9±0.1 6.8±0.2 6.9±0.1 NS Table 2 BMI-percentile and subscapular fat was lower in PS-RTEC and Non-RTEC groups than breakfast skippers Anthropometric Parameter Breakfast Skipper Presweetened RTEC Non-presweet RTECOB (No RTEC) Children 6-11 years old(n = 266)(n = 503)(n = 153)(n = 990)P Weight (kg)35.5±0.634.4±0.734.6±134.7 ±0.4 NS Body Mass Index (kg/m2)19.0 a ±0.218.4 ab ±0.318.5 ab ±0.418.4 b ±0.2<0.05 BMI Percentile (%)68.3 a ±261.3 b ±2.264.6 ab ±3.263.7 b ±1.4<0.05 Overweight/obesity (%)37.7±2.630.2±3.535.0±4.934.0±2.2NS Waist circumference (cm)66.2±0.664.8±0.765.4±164.9±0.5NS Triceps skinfold (mm)13.7±0.313.0±0.313.7±0.713.4±0.3NS Subscapular skinfold (mm)10.5 a ±0.39.1 b ±0.39.6 ab ±0.59.4 b ±0.2<0.01 Table 3 Weight, BMI, waist circumference and skin fold thickness were lowest in children who ate PSRTEC Anthropometric Parameter Breakfast Skipper Presweetened RTEC Non-presweet RTECOB (No RTEC) Children 12-17 years old(n = 904)(n = 561)(n = 183)(n = 1504)P Weight (kg)64.0 a ±0.960.0 b ±0.960.9 ab ±1.564.0 a ±0.6<0.05 Body Mass Index (kg/m2)23.4 a ±0.321.8 b ±0.322.4 ab ±0.623.3 a ±0.2<0.05 BMI Percentile (%)66.7 a ±1.457.2 b ±258.8 b ±366.1 a ±1.1<0.05 Overweight/obesity (%) 36.2 ab ±2.023.6 c ±2.226.9 ac ±4.438.7 b ±2.0<0.05 Waist circumference (cm) 81.1 a ±0.777.6 b ±0.778.2 b ±1.281.0 a ±0.5<0.05 Triceps skinfold (mm) 16.6 a ±0.415.0 b ±0.415.4 ab ±0.716.5 a ±0.2<0.05 Subscapular skinfold (mm) 13.4 a ±0.311.9 b ±0.312.7 ab ±0.613.7 a ±0.3<0.05 Table 4. Children who ate breakfasts other than RTEC were twice as likely (2.12-times) to be overweight or obese as compared to PSRTEC consumers Breakfast Skipper Presweetened RTECNon-presweetened RTECOB (No RTEC) Age 2-5 Years(n = 90)(n = 530)(n = 242)(n = 803) 2.03 (1.01,4.08) 1.00 1.12 (0.58,2.18) 1.11 (0.77,1.61) Age 6-11 Years(n = 266)(n = 503)(n = 153)(n = 990) 1.40 (0.95,2.07) 1.00 1.26 (0.69,2.29) 1.19 (0.84,1.69) Age 12-17 Years(n = 904)(n = 561)(n = 183)(n = 1,504) 1.87 (1.35,2.60) 1.00 1.18 (0.68,2.04) 2.12 (1.65,2.73) Table 5. Children that consumed OB (Non-RTEC) were at greater risk for overweight and obesity than RTEC consumers Breakfast Skipper Presweetened RTEC Non-presweetened RTECOB (No RTEC) Risk Factor(n = 904)(n = 561)(n = 183)(n = 1,504) Overweight/obesity 1 36.2±2.0 ab 23.6±2.2 c 26.9±4.4 bc 38.7±2.0 a Abdominal obesity 1 20.8±1.9 a 12.7±1.7 b 14.2±4.3 ab 20.8±1.4 a Hypertension 2 7.8±1.68.5±1.24.9±1.76.8±1.2 Low HDL-cholesterol 2 15.5±1.6 ab 19.4±1.3 a 20.6±3.6 ab 14.9±1.1 b The Association Between Body Metrics and Breakfast Food Choice in Children Kevin B. Miller 1, DeAnn Liska 1, Victor Fulgoni III 2, Debra Keast 3 1 Kellogg Company, Battle Creek MI 49017, USA; 2 Nutrition Impact, LLC, 9725 D Drive North Battle Creek, MI 49017, USA; 3 Food & Nutrition database Research, Inc., 1801 Shadywood Lane, Okemos, MI 48864, USA Introduction The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA, 2010) recommends we “Eat a nutrient-dense breakfast.” DGA further states consuming breakfast is associated with “weight loss and weight loss maintenance, as well as improved nutrient intake.” Ready-to-eat-cereal (RTEC) consumption is associated with reduced obesity and improved nutrient intakes in children and adults (Deshmukh-Taskar et al. 2010; Kosti et al. 2010; Albertson et al. 2009). While the benefits of consuming breakfast are accepted, there is a continued debate about the role of pre-sweetened RTEC in children’s diets and implications in childhood obesity (Harris et al. 2011). Objective To determine whether an association exists between breakfast pattern and health outcomes in children and adolescents. Methods Regression/logistic regression analyses conducted in SUDAAN using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003-2006 Participants (n=6729; ages 2-17 years) were separated based on breakfast habits: pre-sweetened RTEC (PSRTEC; n=1594); non-presweetened RTEC (NPSRTEC; n=578); breakfast skippers (SK; n=1,260); other breakfast/non-RTEC breakfast (OB; n=3,297) Pre-sweetened defined as 9 or more grams of added sugars per serving Tables 1-3: Mean weight, BMI, prevalence of overweight/obesity, waist circumference, and skinfold thickness by breakfast habits in children 2-5, 6-11 and 12-17 years old Table 4. Odds ratio for overweight/obesity by consumption of presweetened ready-to-eat cereal at breakfast versus other choices: children aged 2-5, 6-11, 12-17 years old Table 5. Prevalence of risk factors for overweight, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and low HDL cholesterol by breakfast consumption habits in children aged 12-17 years Results: Weight and waist circumference of children (6-17 years) consuming either PSRTEC or NPSRTEC were not different from either SK or OB children (Tables 2 & 3) Body mass index (BMI) and percent of children classified as overweight or obese were lower for children consuming either type of RTEC at breakfast compared to SK Children 12-17 years old who reported skipping breakfast or consuming other breakfasts (non-RTEC) were nearly twice as likely to be either overweight or obese as compared to children consuming RTEC breakfasts (Table 4; odds ratio of 1.87 and 2.12, respectively) Triglycerides, total and LDL-cholesterol were lower in PSRTEC as compared to breakfast skippers (SK) (Table 6). Discussion: Breakfast eating habits shift with age with breakfast skipping becoming more prevalent in later adolescence. Breakfast consumption is associated with healthier weight in younger children and adolescents, but the finding that presweetened RTEC is associated with a lower risk of overweight and obesity in children is novel Data dispels the misconception that kids’ RTEC, regardless of sugar content, contributes to the epidemic of childhood obesity Conclusion RTEC consumption by children and adolescents was associated with healthier body weight and measures of health than children who either skip breakfast or consume a non-RTEC breakfast. No association between the level of added sugars in ready-to-eat cereals and children’s weight or prevalence obesity was observed. Poster Session 2; Board 74 1 Covariates: : energy (Kcal), gender, age (yr), ethnicity; 2 Covariates: energy (Kcal), gender, age (yr), ethnicity, PIR, physical activity, TV/computer use; Means with different superscripts differ P<0.05 Table 6 Triglycerides, Total and LDL-cholesterol were lower in PSRTEC than SK, but HDL lower in NPSRTEC compared to SK Anthropometric Parameter Breakfast Skipper Presweetened RTEC Non-presweet RTECOB (No RTEC) Children 6-11 years old(n = 266)(n = 503)(n = 153)(n = 990)P Total cholesterol (mg/dL)167.3±5.7161.3±3.0167.8±5.6167.6±2.2NS LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)89.5 ab ±6.085.8 a ±2.593.3 a ±5.992.5 b ±2.1<0.05 HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)58.5 a ±1.257.9 a ±1.154.1 b ±1.156.4 ab ±0.9<0.05 Triglycerides (mg/dL)96.6 ab ±7.388.4 a ±3.0101.9 b ±4.893.5 ab ±5.8<0.05 Children 12-17 years old(n = 904)(n = 561)(n = 183)(n = 1504)P Total cholesterol (mg/dL)161.3 a ±2.2152.0 b ±2.6150.6 b ±4.6157.3 ab ±1.5<0.05 LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)91.1 a ±2.182.6 b ±1.984.2 ab ±4.186.7 ab ±1.3<0.05 HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)53.1±1.252.2±1.051.0±1.754.0±0.8NS Triglycerides (mg/dL)89.2±5.486.7±3.577.3±5.483.7±2.4NS